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Table 4 Tobacco use among deceased adults in relation to causes of death (N = 3709), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2006-2009

From: Association of socioeconomic and behavioral factors with adult mortality: analysis of data from verbal autopsy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cause of death

Number

Frequent tobacco use

Occasional tobacco use

No tobacco use **

 

n

n(%)

n(%)

n(%)

I. Communicable diseases

1566

135 (9)*

15 (1)

1416 (90)

   HIV/AIDS

707

69 (10)*

7 (1)

631 (89)

   Tuberculosis

460

57 (12)*

8 (2)

395 (86)

   Respiratory infections

102

1 (1)*

2 (2)

99 (97)

   Diarrheal disease

115

6 (5)

1 (1)

108 (94)

   Meningitis

47

2 (4.3)

-

45 (96)

II. Non communicable disease

1915

108 (6)*

11 (1)

1796 (94)

  A. Malignant neoplasm

386

15 (4)*

1 (0.3)

370 (96)

   Stomach cancer

73

4 (6)

-

69 (95)

   Breast cancer

43

-

-

43 (100)

   Uterine cancer

47

-

-

47 (100)

   Liver cancer

37

1 (3)

-

36 (97)

   Cancer of cervix

19

-

-

19 (100)

   Colon and rectal cancer

27

2 (7)

-

25 (92)

   Other neoplasm

145

8 (6)

1 (1)

136 (94)

  B. Diabetes mellitus

183

12 (7)

2 (1)

169 (92)

  C. Neuropsychiatry

76

5 (7)

2 (3)

69 (91)

  D. Cardiovascular diseases

885

44 (5)*

3 (0.3)

838 (95)

   Hypertensive disease

426

17 (4)*

2 (1)

407(96)

   Stroke

404

18 (5)

2 (1)

384 (95)

   Congestive heart failure

239

13 (5)

1 (0.4)

225 (94)

   Myocardial infarction

84

10 (12)

-

74 (88)

  E. Respiratory diseases

93

-

-

93 (100)

   Asthma

73

-

-

73 (100)

  F. Digestive diseases

328

29 (9)

3 (1)

296 (90)

   Chronic liver disease

165

17 (10)

2 (1)

146 (89)

   Peptic ulcer disease

31

1 (3)

1 (3)

29 (94)

  G. Genitourinary disease

137

6 (4)

-

131 (96)

   Chronic renal failure

112

5 (4.5)

-

107 (96)

II. Injuries

233

19 (8)

3 (1)

211 (91)

  A. Unintentional

102

6 (6)

1 (1)

95 (93)

   Road traffic accidents

83

4 (5)

1 (1)

78 (94)

  B. Intentional (Suicide…)

79

9 (11)

-

70 (89)

   Poisoning

28

10 (36)*

-

18 (64)

   Undetermined

254

7 (3)*

1(0.4)

246 (97)

  1. Note: * P < 0.03. P value obtained by comparison of frequent tobacco use, occasional tobacco use and non tobacco use by chi- squared trend test.
  2. **No tobacco use is a reference category.