Table 4 Association between socioeconomic status and spirometry in patients ≥ 65 years

Age (increasing)

0.97 (0.96-0.98)

-

0.96 (0.95-0.97)

-

0.96 (0.96-0.97)

-

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Gender

-

-

-

0.77 (0.72-0.83)

-

P < 0.001

High severity

No

1

-

1

-

1

-

Yes

3.65 (3.23-4.11)

-

4.09 (3.63-4.60)

-

3.89 (3.57-4.23)

-

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

Highest attained education

  <10

1

1

1

1

1

1

  10-12

1.14 (1.01-1.28)

1.09 (0.96-1.23)

1.14 (1.01-1.29)

1.10 (0.97-1.26)

1.19 (1.10-1.29)

1.10 (1.00-1.20)

p = 0.028

p = 0.197

P = 0.028

P = 0.130

P < 0.001

p = 0.042

  >12

1.00 (0.85-1.17)

0.98 (0.83-1.16)

1.12 (0.95-1.33)

1.13 (0.95-1.35)

1.09 (0.97-1.22)

1.05 (0.93-1.18)

p = 0.967

p = 0.816

P = 0.166

P = 0.181

p = 0.143

p = 0.451

Income (quartiles)

  1st

1

1

1

1

1

1

  2nd + 3rd

1.16 (1.03-1.31)

1.11 (0.98-1.27)

1.18 (1.06-1.32)

1.08 (0.95-1.22)

1.20 (1.10-1.30)

1.10 (1.00-1.20)

p = 0.017

p = 0.113

P = 0.003

P = 0.241

P < 0.001

p = 0.047

  4th

1.10 (0.94-1.28)

1.08 (0.91-1.29)

1.34 (1.13-1.58)

1.19 (0.99-1.42)

1.24(1.11-1.39)

1.12 (0.99-1.27)

p = 0.242

p = 0.364

P = 0.001

P = 0.070

P < 0.001

p = 0.069

Labour market status

  Working

1

1

1

1

1

1

  Retirement pension

0.90 (0.73-1.11)

1.01 (0.80-1.26)

1.15 (0.83-1.60)

1.40 (0.99-1.97)

0.91 (0.76-1.08)

1.13 (0.94-1.36)

p = 0.307

p = 0.964

P = 0.386

P = 0.059

p = 0.269

p = 0.204

  Unemployed

0.73 (0.42-1.27)

0.65 (0.37-1.16)

1.25 (0.69-2.26)

0.94 (0.50-1.75)

0.86 (0.58-1.28)

0.75 (0.49-1.13)

p = 269

p = 0.146

P = 0.463

P = 0.841

p = 0.450

p = 0.169

Cohabitation

Married/Cohabiting

1

1

1

1

1

1

Living alone

0.79 (0.71-0.89)

0.78 (0.69-0.88)

0.80 (0.72-0.89)

0.91 (0.81-1.02)

0.76 (0.70-0.82)

0.84 (0.77-0.91)

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

P < 0.001

P = 0.119

P < 0.001

P < 0.001