Table 1 Basic characteristics of the study population and participation rate in cervical cancer screening in women ≥30 years, 1998–2010

Age (years)

30-39

715

30.1

362

50.9

<.0001

369

23.6

191

50.6

<.0001

710

29.7

362

51.3

<.0001

707

26.4

363

51.8

<.0001

617

24.1

317

51.9

<.0001

40-49

641

24.9

358

55.9

373

23.8

217

58.8

709

27.7

421

59.0

663

28.1

393

60.2

556

26.6

340

61.1

50-59

557

18.5

219

39.0

310

20.1

132

43.9

469

17.5

217

44.1

562

20.6

312

54.3

623

22.3

385

60.8

60-69

497

15.6

101

21.6

315

18.3

79

26.3

397

13.1

123

34.2

536

13.4

208

40.7

502

13.6

250

49.1

70+

315

11.0

25

6.4

255

14.1

27

9.1

311

11.9

43

14.7

476

11.5

86

17.9

439

13.4

116

26.3

Education

None or elementary school

1,414

45.5

381

26.1

<.0001

751

44.3

186

25.4

<.0001

897

32.1

260

29.9

<.0001

1,138

29.9

375

35.5

<.0001

1,294

43.8

563

43.6

<.0001

Middle or high school

1,089

44.6

564

52.0

688

44.2

360

53.1

1,224

48.8

641

52.1

1,239

48.6

643

51.9

1,023

40.9

588

59.4

University or higher

222

10.0

120

54.4

183

11.6

100

53.4

475

19.1

265

55.2

567

21.5

344

62.6

420

15.3

257

59.5

Marital status

Married

2,073

77.2

944

46.8

<.0001

1,181

73.0

539

45.8

<.0001

1,984

76.0

999

50.6

<.0001

664

18.6

199

32.0

<.0001

2,202

81.3

1,202

55.2

<.0001

not married

652

22.8

121

19.1

441

27.0

107

27.6

612

24.0

167

29.6

2,280

81.4

1,163

53.2

535

18.7

206

40.8

Household income

Quartile 1

770

24.6

184

24.8

<.0001

509

30.4

109

23.8

<.0001

666

23.0

187

27.6

<.0001

694

17.0

220

33.8

<.0001

635

20.6

252

40.7

<.0001

Quartile 2

643

22.0

247

39.6

407

23.8

175

44.0

624

25.6

255

40.8

756

27.3

328

47.5

685

27.1

336

51.5

Quartile 3

708

27.6

345

49.0

347

22.4

170

49.1

669

26.5

343

51.2

759

28.1

382

50.9

710

27.3

391

55.0

Quartile 4

604

25.8

289

47.0

359

23.5

192

52.1

637

24.9

381

61.0

735

27.6

432

58.9

707

25.0

429

60.6

Health insurance type

NHI (self-employed)

1,482

53.7

597

41.3

<.0001

748

46.2

296

40.0

0.002

1,066

42.5

451

44.0

0.064

1,156

39.9

524

48.4

0.001

932

36.7

446

49.8

0.252

NHI (employee)

1,120

42.3

453

42.3

780

48.1

333

44.0

1,412

53.5

671

47.5

1,662

56.9

805

51.1

1,712

59.6

919

54.0

Medical Aid

123

4.0

15

9.6

94

5.7

17

22.1

118

4.0

44

35.5

126

3.2

33

28.0

93

3.8

43

56.1

Occupation

white collar

481

20.3

236

48.9

<.0001

312

19.4

165

50.5

0.002

663

25.8

352

52.7

0.003

628

23.9

344

54.0

0.024

670

27.7

369

55.0

0.233

blue collar

836

23.8

290

35.4

324

20.1

124

40.9

545

18.8

232

43.6

751

21.4

315

45.3

569

21.4

282

54.0

others

1,408

55.9

539

39.6

986

60.6

357

37.8

1,388

55.4

582

42.9

1,562

54.7

700

48.7

1,498

50.8

757

50.5

Limitation in general activities

Yes

709

27.4

293

44.5

0.013

201

12.8

62

33.7

0.045

349

12.5

104

30.8

<.0001

743

21.4

279

44.1

0.019

929

31.3

433

49.1

0.024

No

2,016

72.6

772

38.9

1,421

87.2

584

41.9

2,247

87.5

1,062

47.7

2,201

78.6

1,083

50.7

1,808

68.7

975

54.1

Perceived health status

Good or regular

1,675

63.9

699

43.0

0.001

1,014

63.3

456

45.5

<.0001

1,807

70.7

891

49.8

<.0001

1,993

71.9

956

50.2

0.165

2,029

74.8

1,093

54.1

0.016

Bad

1,050

36.1

366

36.0

608

36.7

190

32.9

789

29.3

275

35.3

951

28.1

406

46.8

708

25.2

315

47.8

Smoking

Non-smoker

2,445

89.7

1,004

42.2

<.0001

1,499

92.1

618

42.4

0.001

2,375

90.8

1,101

46.9

0.000

2,644

88.7

1,248

49.9

0.094

2,503

90.1

1,299

52.7

0.026

Ex-smoker

72

3.0

15

23.4

24

1.6

4

17.7

104

4.3

38

53.9

148

5.5

61

49.7

133

5.4

72

60.1

Current smoker

208

7.2

46

25.4

99

6.2

24

25.0

117

4.9

27

28.4

152

5.8

53

38.8

101

4.5

37

40.7

Body mass index (kg/m ² )

<18.5

106

3.8

24

26.8

0.007

65

3.7

21

31.0

0.165

81

3.0

35

42.2

0.066

123

4.3

50

40.9

0.030

101

3.7

45

45.5

0.000

18.5 ≤ 23

1,076

40.4

437

43.1

601

37.9

257

43.4

4,050

41.3

493

48.0

1,209

43.1

580

52.3

1,150

42.5

624

55.8

23 ≤ 25

637

23.6

262

41.8

399

24.4

160

42.3

637

23.7

292

47.4

683

23.1

320

50.4

640

23.5

358

56.6

25≤

906

32.2

342

37.7

557

33.9

208

38.2

828

31.9

346

41.3

929

29.5

412

45.2

846

30.3

381

45.6

total

2,725

100.0

1,065

40.5

1,622

100.0

646

40.9

2,596

100.0

1,166

45.5

2,944

100.0

1,362

49.3

2,737

100.0

1,408

52.5