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Table 2 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of depressive symptoms using Hopkins’ Symptom Checklist-25

From: The association between physical fitness and depressive symptoms among young adults: results of the Northern Finland 1966 birth cohort study

 

Depressive symptoms (HSCL-25 - 1.75)

 

Male

Female

 

Crude

Adjusted*

Crude

Adjusted*

 

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Cardiorespiratory fitness, heart rate after step test, beats/min

Q1

1.08 (0.74-1.57)

1.01 (0.68-1.49)

0.82 (0.59-1.15)

0.82 (0.57-1.16)

Q2

0.78 (0.52-1.17)

0.8 (0.53-1.21)

0.99 (0.72-1.36)

1.01 (0.72-1.4)

Q3

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

Q4

1.07 (0.73-1.57)

1.05 (0.71-1.56)

1.12 (0.82-1.53)

1.18 (0.85-1.63)

Q5

0.72 (0.48-1.07)

0.65 (0.42-1.0)

1.18 (0.87-1.6)

1.24 (0.9-1.71)

Muscular fitness, trunk extension test, s

Q1

1.52 (1.05-2.18)

1.58 (1.07-2.32)

1.53 (1.12-2.08)

1.43 (1.03-2.0)

Q2

1.11 (0.75-1.64)

1.07 (0.71-1.61)

1.22 (0.88-1.69)

1.13 (0.81-1.58)

Q3

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

Q4

0.62 (0.4-0.97)

0.66 (0.42-1.04)

0.94 (0.7-1.25)

0.96 (0.71-1.29)

Q5

0.7 (0.46-1.08)

0.74 (0.48-1.16)

(-)

(-)

Muscular fitness, handgrip test, kg

Q1

1.63 (1.12-2.36)

1.64 (1.11-2.42)

0.89 (0.65-1.21)

0.86 (0.63-1.18)

Q2

1.18 (0.8-1.75)

1.25 (0.83-1.87)

0.89 (0.66-1.22)

0.87 (0.63-1.19)

Q3

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

Q4

0.91 (0.6-1.38)

1 (0.66-1.54)

0.93 (0.68-1.26)

0.88 (0.64-1.21)

Q5

0.84 (0.55-1.29)

0.87 (0.56-1.35)

1.13 (0.84-1.52)

1.08 (0.8-1.47)

Physical activity, MET-hours/week

Q1

2.05 (1.53-2.75)

1.74 (1.29-2.36)

1.45 (1.14-1.85)

1.36 (1.05-1.75)

Q2

1.2 (0.87-1.65)

1.1 (0.79-1.53)

1.25 (0.97-1.61)

1.3 (1.0-1.7)

Q3

ref.

ref.

ref.

ref.

Q4

0.99 (0.71-1.38)

0.96 (0.68-1.35)

0.94 (0.73-1.22)

0.99 (0.76-1.29)

Q5

0.91 (0.65-1.27)

0.92 (0.65-1.31)

1 (0.77-1.3)

1.05 (0.8-1.38)

  1. HSCL-25 = Hopkins’ Symptom Checklist-25, cut-off point 1.75.
  2. OR = Odds ratio.
  3. 95% CI = 95% confidence interval.
  4. MET = metabolic equivalent.
  5. Q = quintile of corresponding physical activity or fitness variable.
  6. *adjusted to potential confounding variables (alcohol intake, smoking, obesity, somatic diseases).