BMI mediates the association between low educational level and higher blood pressure during pregnancy in Japan

BMC Public Health

Table 2 The associations between systolic and diastolic blood pressure at early pregnancy and educational level (and 95% CIs) (n=923) ^*

Educational level	Unadjusted model	Basic model†	Basic model† +BMI	Basic model† +smoking	Basic model† +salt intake	Basic model† +alcohol intake	Basic model† +income	Basic model† +BW gain	Full model‡
SBP, mmHg
High	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Mid	−0.04 (−1.84 to 1.76)	−0.28 (−2.08 to 1.52)	−0.46 (−2.23, 1.30)	−0.15 (−1.96, 1.67)	−0.41 (−2.25, 1.42)	−0.49 (−2.32, 1.34)	−0.81 (−2.69, 1.06)	−0.32 (−2.15, 1.51)	−1.06 (−2.96, 0.84)
Low	2.39 (0.59 to 4.19)	2.42 (0.61 to 4.23)	1.19 (−0.62, 3.00)	2.85 (0.94, 4.76)	2.37 (0.52, 4.23)	2.23 (0.38, 4.08)	1.46 (−0.47, 3.38)	2.21 (0.36, 4.06)	0.13 (−1.94, 2.20)
DBP, mmHg
High	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Mid	0.16 (−1.09 to 1.41)	−0.05 (−1.29 to 1.20)	−0.16 (−1.38, 1.06)	0.13 (−1.12, 1.38)	−0.23 (−1.49, 1.03)	−0.32 (−1.58, 0.93)	−0.088 (−1.39, 1.21)	−0.10 (−1.37, 1.16)	−0.29 (−1.60, 1.03)
Low	0.74 (−0.52 to 1.99)	0.79 (−0.46 to 2.04)	0.041 (−1.21, 1.30)	1.31 (−0.0043, 2.63)	0.62 (−0.66, 1.90)	0.56 (−0.71, 1.83)	0.42 (−0.92, 1.75)	0.75 (−0.53, 2.02)	−0.26 (−1.69, 1.17)

^* Estimates denote difference in BP (mmHg) between low/mid and high educational level.
†Basic model: adjusted for gestational age at BP measurement, maternal age, parity, past medical history of hypertension, pregnancy-induced hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal disease, family history of hypertension.
‡Full model: Basic model+ pre-pregnancy BMI, smoking, salt intake, alcohol intake, income, BW gain until mid-pregnancy.
Abbreviations: SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure, BMI, pre-pregnancy body mass index; BW gain, body weight gain until mid-pregnancy.

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