Table 1 Characteristics of all participants according to provinces

N

2672

3254

Sex(Male/Female)

1056/1616

1366/1888

0.056

Age, n (%)

0.037

  20-40 years

1133 (42.4%)

1385 (42.6%)

  40-60 years

1102 (41.2%)

1411 (43.4%)

  Above 60 years

437 (16.4%)

458 (14.1%)

Ethnics (Han), n (%)

2655 (99.4%)

3170 (98.8%)

0.015

Urban, n (%)

2149 (80.4%)

2051 (63.0%)

<0.001

Education level, n (%)

<0.001

  College and above

602 (22.5%)

897 (28.2%)

  Secondary school

1510 (56.5%)

1585 (49.9%)

  Elementary school

420 (15.7%)

465 (14.6%)

  Uneducated

140 (5.2%)

232 (7.3%)

Yearly family income, n (%)

<0.001

  Below 10,000 CNY

748 (46.3%)

1332 (46.3%)

  10,000-30,000 CNY

1180 (48.4%)

1185 (41.2%)

  Above 30,000 CNY

508 (20.9%)

361 (12.5%)

Cigarette smoking, n (%)

470 (17.6%)

770 (23.7%)

<0.001

Alcohol drinking, n (%)

721 (27.1%)

786 (24.4%)

0.016

Physical activity, n (%)

1370 (52.2%)

1215 (37.5%)

<0.001

Family history of diabetes, n (%)

473 (17.7%)

353 (10.8%)

<0.001

Number of metabolic risk factors, n (%)

<0.001

  0

2067 (77.4%)

2612 (80.3%)

  1

398 (14.9%)

493 (15.2%)

  2

245 (4.1%)

104 (3.2%)

  3

66 (2.5%)

45 (1.4%)

Central obesity, n (%)

879 (33.1%)

1352 (42.0%)

<0.001

Fasting glucose, mmol/L

5.24 ± 1.55

5.31 ± 1.41

0.052

2-hour glucose, mmol/L

6.92 ± 3.64

6.62 ± 3.29

<0.001