Table 4 Water-related data the baseline needs assessment
From: The social ecology of water in a Mumbai slum: failures in water quality, quantity, and reliability
n (%) | |
|---|---|
Frequency of water access | |
Does not purchase water | 7 (0.7) |
Daily | 144 (15) |
Every two days | 279 (29.1) |
Every three days | 231 (24.1) |
Every four days | 236 (24.6) |
Weekly | 62 (6.5) |
Time spent obtaining water | |
<½ hour | 584 (60.9) |
½ hour to 1 hour | 291 (30.3) |
1 hour to 1 ½ hours | 65 (6.8) |
More than 1 ½ hours | 14 (1.4) |
Mode of obtaining water | |
Delivery via water vendors’ hoses | 817 (85.2) |
Fetch water from outside their lanes | 125 (13.1) |
Other | 17 (1.7) |
Does lack of water affect you or your family members’: | |
Health? | 860 (89.7) |
Ability to go to work? | 371 (38.7) |
Ability to go to school? | 87 (9.1) |
Ability to study? | 38 (4.0) |
Ability to start a new business? | 13 (1.4) |
Ability to increase productivity in your current business? | 14 (1.5) |
Water purification methods used1 | |
Filter-based water purifier set | 5 (0.5) |
Cloth filter used during collection | 274 (25.8) |
Boiling | 165 (17.2) |
Alum | 8 (0.8) |
Other purifying agents (i.e., chlorine) | 18 (1.9) |
No purification method used | 568 (59.2) |
Why do you think that the community lacks running water?1 | |
Land belongs to an external agency, so that municipal government cannot provide water | 426 (44.4) |
The community is unauthorized | 111 (11.6) |
No one cares about the community | 182 (19.0) |
Don’t know | 289 (30.1) |
Other | 18 (1.9) |
Who has the primary responsibility for providing water to the community?1 | |
The local politician | 390 (40.7) |
The municipal system | 320 (33.4) |
Residents themselves | 44 (4.6) |
Other (i.e., local water vendors) | 263 (27.4) |