Table 3 Prevalence of Traumatic events among men and women 20–35 years of age in different time periods
Traumatic events | Life time prevalence (1976–2011) | Prevalence in 1994+/-1 yr.^ (genocide period) | Prevalence in the past 3 years (2009–2011) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | %* | N | %* | %** | N | %* | %** | |
1. Have you been imprisoned, kidnapped, held captive | 94 | 10.3 | 8 | 0.9 | 8.7 | 27 | 2.9 | 28.7 |
2. Been a refugee, forced to flee from your home to escape danger/persecution | 228 | 24.9 | 120 | 13.1 | 52.9 | 9 | 1.0 | 3.9 |
3. Experienced forced separation from family members | 54 | 5.9 | 18 | 2.0 | 33.3 | 3 | 0.3 | 5.6 |
4. Experienced a life-threatening injury | 133 | 14.5 | 29 | 3.2 | 21.8 | 19 | 2.1 | 14.3 |
5. Experienced a murder or unnatural death of a family member or a friend | 223 | 24.3 | 84 | 9.2 | 37.7 | 19 | 2.1 | 8.5 |
6. Been robbed, mugged, threatened with a weapon | 157 | 17.1 | 31 | 3.4 | 19.9 | 30 | 3.3 | 19.1 |
7. Experienced imprisonment of close family member | 454 | 49.6 | 74 | 8.1 | 16.3 | 55 | 6.0 | 12.1 |
8. Witnessed a traumatic event to a loved one | 306 | 33.4 | 41 | 4.5 | 13.4 | 59 | 6.4 | 19.3 |
9. Ever been raped by a stranger | 22 | 2.4 | 2 | 0.2 | 8.7 | 1 | 0.1 | 4.5 |
10. Ever felt forced to have sex in exchange of money or other benefits | 31 | 3.4 | 1 | 0.1 | 3.2 | 5 | 0.5 | 16.1 |
11. Witnessed repeated violence between family members | 74 | 8.1 | 13 | 1.4 | 17.6 | 11 | 1.2 | 14.9 |
12. Witnessed physical or sexual violence against a family member by someone outside of the family | 54 | 5.9 | 9 | 1.0 | 16.7 | 11 | 1.2 | 20.4 |
13. Witnessed someone being badly injured or killed | 131 | 14.3 | 50 | 5.5 | 38.5 | 10 | 1.1 | 7.6 |
14. Witnessed atrocities, e.g. mass killings mutilated bodies | 161 | 17.6 | 100 | 10.9 | 61.7 | 5 | 0.5 | 3.1 |
15. Been in a combat situation | 114 | 12.4 | 32 | 3.5 | 27.8 | 20 | 2.2 | 17.5 |
16. Other life threatening/disturbing event | 157 | 17.1 | 58 | 6.3 | 37.4 | 20 | 2.2 | 12.7 |
Summary measure of all traumatic events | 722 | 78.7 | 334 | 36.4 | 46.3 | 220 | 24.0 | 30.5 |