Stigma towards a Neglected Tropical Disease: Felt and enacted Stigma Scores among Podoconiosis Patients in Northern Ethiopia

Table 3 Mean stigma scale scores according to sociodemographic determinants and other factors among podoconiosis patients in Northern Ethiopia, May 2012 (N = 346)

Variable		Mean stigma scores
		Total stigma	P-value*	Felt stigma	P-value*	Enacted stigma	P-value*
Sex	Male	31.4	0.287	22.2	0.269	9.2	0.194
Sex	Female	30.3	0.287	21.4	0.269	8.8	0.194
Monthly income	1 (Lowest)	29.0	0.996	21.4	0.996	7.6	0.001
	2	30.6		21.7		8.9
	3	30.2		21.6		8.6
	4	28.4		21.7		6.7
	5 (Highest)	37.4		22.7		14.8
Age	<45 years	32.8	0.456	22.1	0.456	10.7	0.062
	45-64 years	29.5		21.7		7.9
	≥65 years	28.1		20.6		7.5
Residence	Rural	30.5	0.013	21.6	0.006	8.9	0.036
Residence	Urban	39.3	0.013	25.6	0.006	13.7	0.036
Education	Illiterate	30.6	0.531	21.6	0.531	9.1	0.794
	Up to primary schooling	31.8		22.6		8.6
	Up to secondary schooling	30.2		21.6		9.0
Comorbidities	Yes	33.2	0.554	22.1	0.965	10.9	0.350
Comorbidities	No	30.2	0.554	21.6	0.965	8.5	0.350
Marital Status	Married	29.9	0.130	21.6	0.414	8.3	0.114
Marital Status	Unmarried	31.8	0.130	21.9	0.414	9.9	0.114
Disease Stage	Stage 1	25.2	0.005	19.7	0.002	5.5	0.001
	Stage 2	30.5		21.7		8.8
	Stage 3	32.4		22.4		10.0
	Stage 4	39.8		24.7		15.1
	Stage 5	34.1		22.9		11.3
Time lived in the current residence	≤5 years	36.5	0.804	23.1	0.804	13.1	0.359
	6-10 years	31.1		21.9		9.2
	11-15 years	31.3		21.2		10.1
	>15 years	30.4		21.7		8.7

*Statistical significance was considered p < 0.05. Wilcoxon rank sum and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used as appropriate to derive the p-values.

ISSN: 1471-2458