Burden of micronutrient deficiencies by socio-economic strata in children aged 6 months to 5 years in the Philippines

Table 7 Cost consequences adverse health effects

		Effect size	Numbering in Figures 4,5 and 6	Source
Productivity losses
Current	Diarrhea, measles and respiratory disease	2 days off work for 1 parent per episode of illness (only if both work)	7. 1	Assumption
Current	Parent off work	Loss of daily gross wage of USD 1.1 -23.2 depending on SES	7.2	[53]
Future	Impairment cognitive development	1 SD reduction of the cognitive score leads to a reduction of adult wage by 8%	7.3	[8, 44]
Future	Stunting	1% decrease in height leads to a reduction of adult wage by 9.23% (average height in the Philippines is 158 cm)	7.4	[19, 48, 49, 54]
Treatment costs per episode*
Current	Diarrhea	9.6 USD	7.5	Calculation on DHS [18] and PNHS [32]
	Diarrhea	Only complicated cases are treated (41% of cases in DHS)	7.5	Calculation on DHS [18] and PNHS [32]
	Measles	92.7 USD	7.6	Calculation on DHS [18], WHO [55] and PNHS [32]
	Measles	By assumption only complicated cases are treated and treatment costs are equal to those of respiratory diseases (75% of cases) [56].	7.6	Calculation on DHS [18], WHO [55] and PNHS [32]
	Respiratory disease	92.7 USD	7.7	Calculation on DHS [18] and PNHS [32]
	Respiratory disease	Only complicated cases are treated (60% of cases in DHS)	7.7	Calculation on DHS [18] and PNHS [32]

* Costs covered by health insurance companies and government agencies amount to 49% in addition to out-of-pocket expenditures by households registered in DHS.

ISSN: 1471-2458