Table 1 The operationalization of the studied health behaviors and health indicators (N = 2,690)
Variable | Item | Operationalization |
|---|---|---|
Cannabis Use [32] | Have you ever used Cannabis (hashish, marihuana or weed)? | 0) No, 1) Yes |
Have you recently (in the last 4 weeks) used cannabis (hashish, marihuana or weed) | 0) No, 1) Yes | |
Alcohol use [32] | Have you ever drunk alcohol? | 0) No, 1) Yes |
Have you recently drunk alcohol? | 0) No, 1) Yes | |
How many days a week do you drink alcohol? | Number a day | |
How many glasses, cans or bottles of alcohol do you drink a day? | Number a day | |
Binge drinking [32] | How often in the last 4 weeks have you had more than 4 alcoholic beverages on one occasion? | Number of times, ranging from “Never” to “9 Times or more”. |
Smoking [32] | Have you ever smoked a cigarette? | 0) No, 1) Yes |
Have you recently smoked a cigarette? | 0) No, 1) Yes | |
How many cigarettes do you smoke per week? | Categories advancing with 10 pieces per category, ranging from ”0-10” to “70 or more” | |
Nutrition [32] | How often do you have breakfast per week? | Number of days |
How often do you eat vegetables per week? | Number of days | |
How often do you eat fruits per week? | Number of days | |
Physical exercise [32] | How do you travel to school usually? | 0) By bike, 1) Walking, 2) Else |
How long does it take you to walk or bike to school (one-way trip)? | Number of mins | |
How many hours of gym class do you have at school each week? | Categories ranging from “0” to “4”. | |
Are you a member at a sports club? | 0) No, 1) Yes | |
How many hours a week do you spend at your sports club? | Number of hours | |
How many hours a week do you spend on other sports related activities than previously addressed? | Number of hours | |
Watching TV [32] | How many days a week do you watch TV? | Number of days |
How many hours a day do you watch TV? | 0) Less than 30 mins, 1) 30 mins – 1 hour, 2)1-2 hours, 3) 2–3 hours, 4) >3 hours | |
Using the internet/PC [32] | How many days per week do you use the internet/PC (not for school purposes)? | Number of days |
How many hours a day do you use the internet/PC (not for school purposes) | 0) Less than 30 mins, 1) 30 mins – 1 hour, 2)1-2 hours, 3) 2–3 hours, 4) >3 hours | |
Videogame playing [32] | How many days a week do you play videogames on a game console? | Number of days |
How many hours a day do you play videogames on a game console? | 0) Less than 30 mins, 1) 30 mins – 1 hour, 2)1-2 hours, 3) 2–3 hours, 4) >3 hours | |
Compulsive internet use [22] | Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) E.g. Do you rather spend time on the internet than spending time with others? (total: 14 items) | 0) Never, 1) Rarely, 2) Sometimes, 3) Often, 4) Very often |
Compulsive videogame playing [21] | Videogame Addiction Test (VAT). E.g. Do you rather spend time playing videogames than spending time with others? (total: 14 items) | 0) Never, 1) Rarely, 2) Sometimes, 3) Often, 4) Very often |
Body Mass Index [32] | How tall are you (no shoes)? | Number of cm |
What do you weigh? | Number of kg | |
Psychosocial problems [38] | Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) E.g. I am easily distracted, I find it difficult to focus (total: 20 items) | 0) Not true, 1) A little true, 2) Very true |
General Self-Efficacy [43] | General Self-Efficacy (GSE) Survey. E.g. If you are going to do something, are you afraid you will fail? (total: 11 items) | 0) Never, 1) Sometimes, 2) Often, 3) Very often |