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Table 3 Sources of survey items

From: Beyond Bushfires: Community, Resilience and Recovery - a longitudinal mixed method study of the medium to long term impacts of bushfires on mental health and social connectedness

Survey item topic ❖

Source

Specific reference

Demographics

ABS Census 2006-2008

 

Social networks

Proposed by Pattison, Robins, Y. Kashima, Lusher, E. Kashima, Daraganova & Quintane.

 

Fire exposure and impacts

Developed for this study

 

General health

Standard self assessment scale

 

PTSD

PTSD checklist

Bliese, P. D., Wright, K. M., Adler, A. B., Cabrera, O., Castro, C. A., & Hoge, C. W. (2008). Validating the primary care posttraumatic stress disorder screen and the posttraumatic stress disorder checklist with soldiers returning from combat. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(2), 272–281.

Depression

PHQ-9

Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16:606–613.

Psychiatric disorder/psychological distress

K-6

Kessler, R. C., Barker, P. R., Colpe, L. J., Epstein, J. F., Gfroerer, J. C., Hiripi, E., Howes, M. J., Normand, S.-L. T., Manderscheid, R. W., Walters, E. E., & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2003). Screening for serious mental illness in the general population. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60:184–189.

Anger

Modified version of questions on the Anger Attacks Questionnaire

Winkler D, Pjrek E, Kindler J, Heiden A, Kasper S. Validation of a Simplified Definition of Anger Attacks. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 2006;75:103–6.

Alcohol abuse

AUDIT-C

Bush, K., Kivlahan, D., McDonell, M., Fihn, S., & Bradley, K. (1998). The AUDIT Alcohol Consumption Questions (AUDIT-C): An Effective Brief Screening Test for Problem Drinking. Archives of Internal Medicine, 158, 1789-1795

Grief

Prolonged Grief Inventory

Adapted from Shear, Katherine M.; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Ghesquiere, Angela; Gruber, Michael J.; Sampson, Nancy A.; Kessler, Ronald C. Depression & Anxiety (1091–4269). Aug2011, Vol. 28 Issue 8, p648-657. 10p. doi:10.1002/da.20865.

Resilience

Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale

Connor, K. & Davidson, J. (2003)

Attachment

Derived from the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale

Olssøn I, Sørebø Ø, Dahl AA. The Norwegian version of the Experiences in Close Relationships measure of adult attachment: Psychometric properties and normative data. Nord J Psychiatry. 2010;64(5)

Wellbeing

Derived from The Australian Unity Wellbeing Index - Community Indicators Victoria (CIV)

Cummins R, Eckersley R, Pallant J, Vugt JV, Misajon R. Developing a National Index of subjective Wellbeing: The Australian Unity Wellbeing Index Social Indicators Research. 2003;64:159-90

Community hope

Proposed by Pattison, Robins, Y. Kashima, Lusher, E. Kashima, Daraganova & Quintane.

 

Community cohesion

Questions derived from the Neighbourhood cohesion scale

Buckner J. The development of an instrument to measure neighborhood cohesion. American Journal of Community Psychology. 1988;16(6):771-91

  1. A copy of the 2012 survey items can be accessed at http://www.beyondbushfires.org.au.