Observer ratings of neighborhoods: comparison of two methods

BMC Public Health

Table 5 Concurrent validity of neighborhood rating scale scores on key health outcomes

Krause Five-Item Scale
Linear models ^1,2	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Lower body function³ (scores 0–5) n=539	0.038 (0.03)	0.027 (0.03)	0.025 (0.04)
Short physical performance battery⁴ (scores 0–12) n=488	−0.098 (0.04)*	−0.077 (0.04)	−0.88 (0.5)
Peak expiratory flow (PEF)⁴ (100–850) n=441	−4.961 (1.85)**	−4.453 (1.92)*	−6.283 (2.24)**
African American Health Neighborhood Seven-Item Assessment Scale (7-item AAH NAS)
Linear models ^1,2	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Lower body function (scores 0–5) n=535	0.063 (0.03)*	0.053 (0.03)	0.056 (0.03)
Short physical performance battery (scores 0–12) n=487	−0.093 (0.04)**	−0.074 (0.04)*	−0.074 (0.04)
Peak expiratory flow (PEF)⁴ (100–850) n=440	−5.567 (1.57)***	−5.243 (1.65)**	−5.511 (1.85)**
African American Health Neighborhood Five-Item Assessment Scale (5-item AAH NAS)
Lower body function (scores 0–5) n=535	0.089 (0.04)*	0.075 (0.04)*	0.075 (0.04)
Short physical performance battery (scores 0–12) n=487	−0.127 (0.05)**	−0.098 (0.05)	−0.095 (0.06)
Peak expiratory flow (PEF)⁴ (100–850) n=440	−6.377 (2.11)**	−5.868 (2.27)*	−5.647 (2.48)*

¹Unstandardized beta coefficient (± standard error). Model 1 adjusted for age and gender. Model 2 adjusted for age, gender, and area (inner city versus suburbs). Model 3 adjusted for age, gender, area (inner city versus suburbs), and interviewer (#1 versus 2, 3, & 4).
²* p <0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001.
³Lower body function sums difficulties, and correlations are positive with the same direction of poorer neighborhood ratings.
⁴Short Physical Performance Battery and Peak Expiratory Flow both yield higher values for better health and correlations are negative with the reverse direction of the rating scales.

ISSN: 1471-2458