Table 1 Model parameters

Demographic data

Population by age

¹⁵

  1--5 years old

6.63%

  6—12 years old

7.17%

  13—19 years old

6.86%

  20—39 years old

36.65%

  40—64 years old

30.46%

  65+ years old

12.24%

Percentage of adult population affected by school closure:

¹⁵

  kindergarten (1-5 years old)

4.54%

  kindergarten/primary school (1-11 years old)

10%

Disease parameters

  Basic reproductive number (R ₀ )

1.5, 2.0, 2.5

^{31; 32; 8}

  Mean duration of exposed period

1.9 days

^{17; 18}

  Mean duration of infectious period

7 days (<12 years) 5 days (12+ years)

^{17; 18; 19}

  Proportion asymptomatic (p)

33%

  Infectivity (last exposed stage)

50%

¹⁹

  Infectivity (in the five infectious stages)

100%, 100%, 50%, 30%, 15%

^19;20

Mixing assumptions

Scenario A (baseline)

  Reduction in contact rate between dismissed   children of same/other age groups

90%/25%

  Reduction in contact rate among care-taking   parents and same age group

0%

Scenario B

  Reduction in contact rate between dismissed   children of same/other age groups

90%/25%

  Reduction in contact rate among care-taking   parents and same age group

50%

Scenario C

  Reduction in contact rate between dismissed   children of same/other age groups

50%/10%

  Reduction in contact rate among care-taking   parents and same age group

0%

Disease outcomes

Outcomes per 1000 cases by age groups^a

²⁵

  Outpatient

(534, 389, 497)

Uniform

((494-574), (369-410), (487-506))

  Inpatient

(4, 8, 29)

((1-8), (2-13), (21-37))

  Death

(1, 2, 13)

((0-2),(0-4),(11-15))

Economic parameters

  Cost of energy saving (1000 US$)

1 439

Gamma^b

α=16; β=90

Oslo Municipality

  Cost of lost learning (1000 US$)

25 797

Gamma

α=16; β=1 612

Bjørknes private school

  Proportion of productivity loss catching up

15%

Uniform

range [0: 30%]

  Average cost per self-care person (US$)

43

Normal

σ=3.57

²⁶

  Average cost per out-patient (US$)

59

Normal

σ=4.92

Den norske legeforening

  Average cost per in-patient (US$)

5 211

Normal

σ=434

²⁶

  Average wage per day (US$)

290

Normal

σ=24

¹⁵