Table 1 Demographic description of study population by care utilization (%)
From: Barriers to women's participation in inter-conceptional care: a cross-sectional analysis
Characteristics | Overall (N = 442) | No visits (N = 78) | 0 to 50% (N = 116) | 50 to 99% (N = 157) | All visits (N = 91) | Chi-square P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Predisposing Factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Race- White | 26.0(6.0) | 5(6.8) | 5(4.4) | 12(7.7) | 4(4.5) | 0.6636 |
   Black | 366.0(84.7) | 62(83.8) | 99(86.8) | 127(81.9) | 78(87.6) |  |
   Hispanic | 33.0(7.6) | 6(8.1) | 9(7.9) | 14(9.0) | 4(4.5) |  |
   Other | 7.0(1.6) | 1(1.4) | 1(0.9) | 2(1.3) | 3(3.4) |  |
   Missing Race | 10 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 |  |
Mean Age in Years (Std) | 25(6) | 25 (6) | 26 (6) | 25 (6) | 24 (5) | Â |
Marital Status- Not Married | 389.0(88.4) | 66(84.6) | 106(92.2) | 139(88.5) | 78(86.7) | 0.9976 |
   Married | 51.0(11.6) | 12(15.4) | 9(7.8) | 18(11.5) | 12(13.3) |  |
   Missing Married | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |  |
Education: < High School | 147.0(33.3) | 28(35.9) | 44(37.9) | 50(31.8) | 25(27.5) | 0.2354 |
   High School Education,% | 184.0(41.6) | 32(41.0) | 47(40.5) | 67(42.7) | 38(41.8) |  |
   > = High School Education,% | 111.0(25.1) | 18(23.1) | 25(21.6) | 40(25.5) | 28(30.8) |  |
Family Size- 1 or 2 people | 134.0(30.7) | 21(26.9) | 36(31.0) | 48(31.6) | 29(31.9) | 0.5039 |
   Family Size- 3 or more people | 303.0(69.3) | 57(73.1) | 80(69.0) | 104(68.4) | 62(68.1) |  |
   Missing Family Size | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |  |
Substance Abuse- No Drug Use | 305.0(84.7) | 57(87.7) | 71(77.2) | 110(85.3) | 67(90.5) | 0.2832 |
   Drug Use | 55.0(15.3) | 8(12.3) | 21(22.8) | 19(14.7) | 7(9.5) |  |
   Drug use not collected | 82 | 13 | 24 | 28 | 17 |  |
No Alcohol Use | 317.0(88.1) | 59(90.8) | 79(85.9) | 115(89.1) | 64(86.5) | 0.6661 |
   Alcohol Use | 43.0(11.9) | 6(9.2) | 13(14.1) | 14(10.9) | 10(13.5) |  |
   Alcohol info not collected | 82 | 13 | 24 | 28 | 17 |  |
Non-Smoker | 301.0(69.7) | 57(76.0) | 57(51.8) | 114(73.1) | 73(80.2) | 0.0396 |
   Smoker | 131.0(30.3) | 18(24.0) | 53(48.2) | 42(26.9) | 18(19.8) |  |
   Missing Smoking | 10 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 0 |  |
Enabling Factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Health Insurance(not Medicaid) | 103.0(23.3) | 19(24.4) | 26(22.4) | 31(19.7) | 27(29.7) | 0.1564 |
Medicaid | 323.0(73.1) | 54(69.2) | 85(73.3) | 121(77.1) | 63(69.2) | Â |
Uninsured | 16.0(3.6) | 5(6.4) | 5(4.3) | 5(3.2) | 1(1.1) | Â |
Income: Less than $5,000 | 35.0(7.9) | 3(3.8) | 12(10.3) | 15(9.6) | 5(5.5) | 0.9569 |
   $5,001 to $10,000 | 75.0(17.0) | 9(11.5) | 20(17.2) | 32(20.4) | 14(15.4) |  |
   $10,001 to $15,000 | 49.0(11.1) | 10(12.8) | 12(10.3) | 18(11.5) | 9(9.9) |  |
   $15,001 to $20,000 | 42.0(9.5) | 7(9.0) | 9(7.8) | 17(10.8) | 9(9.9) |  |
   $20,001 to $25,000 | 55.0(12.4) | 12(15.4) | 13(11.2) | 18(11.5) | 12(13.2) |  |
   $25,001 to $30,000 | 28.0(6.3) | 5(6.4) | 10(8.6) | 7(4.5) | 6(6.6) |  |
   $30,001 to $40,000 | 25.0(5.7) | 3(3.8) | 7(6.0) | 12(7.6) | 3(3.3) |  |
   $40,001 to $60,000 | 35.0(7.9) | 9(11.5) | 10(8.6) | 8(5.1) | 8(8.8) |  |
   More than $60,000 | 15.0(3.4) | 5(6.4) | 4(3.4) | 2(1.3) | 4(4.4) |  |
   Don't Know | 81.0(18.3) | 15(19.2) | 18(15.5) | 27(17.2) | 21(23.1) |  |
   Refused | 2.0(0.5) | 0(0.0) | 1(0.9) | 1(0.6) | 0(0.0) |  |
Income(Modeling version) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.2123 |
   > $20,000 | 201.0(56.0) | 29(46.0) | 53(54.6) | 82(63.6) | 37(52.9) |  |
   < $20,000 | 158.0(44.0) | 34(54.0) | 44(45.4) | 47(36.4) | 33(47.1) |  |
No Social Support | 116.0(27.3) | 19(25.3) | 34(30.4) | 38(25.0) | 25(29.1) | 0.9102 |
   Social Support | 309.0(72.7) | 56(74.7) | 78(69.6) | 114(75.0) | 61(70.9) |  |
   Missing Social Support | 17 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 |  |
Neighborhood Safe | 209.0(49.3) | 41(54.7) | 53(47.3) | 68(45.0) | 47(54.7) | 0.9039 |
   Neighborhood not safe, | 215.0(50.7) | 34(45.3) | 59(52.7) | 83(55.0) | 39(45.3) |  |
   Missing Neighborhood Safety | 18 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 5 |  |
Perceived competing need | 226.0(51.1) | 40(51.3) | 58(50.0) | 79(50.3) | 49(53.8) | 0.7368 |
   No competing Need | 216.0(48.9) | 38(48.7) | 58(50.0) | 78(49.7) | 42(46.2) |  |
Need Factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Poor Mental Health | 95.0(21.5) | 17(21.8) | 30(25.9) | 29(18.5) | 19(20.9) | 0.5346 |
   Good Mental Health | 347.0(78.5) | 61(78.2) | 86(74.1) | 128(81.5) | 72(79.1) |  |
Poor Physical Health | 55.0(12.4) | 8(10.3) | 18(15.5) | 20(12.7) | 9(9.9) | 0.7223 |
   Good Physical Health | 387.0(87.6) | 70(89.7) | 98(84.5) | 137(87.3) | 82(90.1) |  |
No Major Health Problems | 300.0(67.9) | 58(74.4) | 77(66.4) | 105(66.9) | 60(65.9) | 0.3033 |
   Previous Major Health Problems | 142.0(32.1) | 20(25.6) | 39(33.6) | 52(33.1) | 31(34.1) |  |
System Factors | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Poor Provider Experiences | 374.0(88.0) | 68(90.7) | 96(85.7) | 131(86.2) | 79(91.9) | 0.7793 |
   Good Provider Experiences | 51.0(12.0) | 7(9.3) | 16(14.3) | 21(13.8) | 7(8.1) |  |
   Missing Provider Experiences | 17 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 |  |