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Table 2 Adjusted a effect of various exposure variables on birth weight in the regional (Oppland county) cohort

From: Possible relation between maternal consumption of added sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages and birth weight – time trends in a population

 

Births 1989-2010b (n = 31070)

Births 2001-2010c (n = 13548)

Homogeneous subseti 2001-2010c(n = 4136)

Predictors d

B e , grams (95% CI)

B e , grams (95% CI)

B e , grams (95% CI)

Year of delivery (per year)

−1 f (−2, 0)

−7 (−4, -9)

−5 (−9, -1)

Mother’s age (per year)

−1 (−2, 0)

−1 (−3, 0)

−1 (−4, 2)

Mother’s height (per 1 cm)

nag

13 (12, 14)

13 (11, 15)

Pre-pregnancy BMIh (per kg/m3)

nag

22 (21, 24)

26 (19, 32)

Gestational weight gain (per kg)

nag

18 (17, 19)

19 (16, 21)

Gestational age (per day)

25 (24, 25)

22 (21, 23)

22 (20, 23)

Male sex

104 (96, 115)

99 (86, 112)

78 (56, 100)

Multiparity

167 (156, 178)

181 (166, 195)

179 (155, 204)

Smoking

−171 (−183, -159)

−180 (−199, -160)

naj

Preeclampsia

−31 (−56, -6)

−81 (−113, -49)

naj

Diabetes

371 (326, 417)

298 (246, 350)

naj

Thromboembolism

−60 (−119, -1)

−97 (−155, -39)

naj

Prior premature birth

−96 (−141, -51)

−79 (−131, -27)

−81 (−169, 7)

Prior caesarean section

32 (10, 55)

39 (10, 67)

−94 (−171, -17)

Anaemia

82 (55, 110)

106 (77, 135)

97 (41, 152)

Oligohydramnion

−265 (−292, -238)

−257 (−284, -229)

−245 (−306, -184)

Polyhydramnion

299 (251, 347)

255 (205, 304)

282 (177, 386)

  1. aMultiple linear regression analysis; bMaternal prepregnant weight and gestational weight gain not included; cMaternal prepregnant weight and gestational weight gain included; dinitially tested but non-significant predictors excluded from the final model: teenage pregnancy, marital status, occupational status, assisted reproductive technology, chronic disease, psychiatric disease, substance abuse, isolated hypertension in pregnancy, allergies, asthma, cervical conisation, haemoglobin > 13.5 gram/dl, bleeding in pregnancy, hyperemesis, infections in pregnancy, and a composite of complications related to placenta, foetal membranes, foetal distress, rhesus-immunisation; eChange in birth weight (grams) per one unit change in predictor; fEffect estimates vary from positive during 1989–2000 to negative during 2001–2010; gData not available before 2001; hBody mass index; iAge 21–37 years, normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.99), non-smoker, and without diabetes, preeclampsia, assisted reproduction, moderate/severe chronic disease, psychiatric disease, substance abuse, thromboembolic episode or known elevated risk, prior hypertension , induction of birth or caesarean section and difference between expected dates of delivery based on assessments from ultrasound and last menstrual period < 14 days; jNot applicable.