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Table 4 Association of maternal and infant baseline with infant death rate at different child age in univariable Cox regressions in a cohort of 866 live births in Banfora Health District (Burkina Faso)

From: The high burden of infant deaths in rural Burkina Faso: a prospective community-based cohort study

Exposure variables

0 to 6 months (1st half of infancy)

1-12 months (postneonatal period)

0 to 12 months (overall infancy)

PYO

No of deaths

MRsa

HRb

PYO

No of deaths

MRsa

HRb

PYO

No of deaths

MRsa

HRb

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

[95% CI]

Area of residence

            

 ▪ Banfora

198.3

43

217

1.7 [0.8-3.5]

356.3

29

81

1.1 [0.5-2.5]

387.7

56

144

1.6 [0.8-2.9]

 ▪ Soubakenedougou

102.1

13

127

1

183.9

13

70

1

200.0

18

90

1

 ▪ Sideradougou

106.6

19

178

1.4 [0.7-2.8]

191.6

16

83

1.2 [0.6-2.4]

208.6

24

115

1.3 [0.7-2.3]

Distance to nearest health facility

 ▪ ≤5 km

192.9

44

228

1.5 [0.9-2.7]

346.7

28

81

1.0 [0.6-1.7]

377.5

55

146

1.4 [0.9-2.2]

 ▪ >5 km

214.

31

145

1

385.2

30

79

1

418.8

43

103

1

Maternal age

            

 ▪ <20

61.9

12

193

1.6 [0.5-5.2]

111.8

9

80

3.1 [0.6-15.0]

121.6

17

140

1.9 [0.6-6.5]

 ▪ 20-35

302.4

58

192

1

542.6

47

87

1

590.6

75

127

1

 ▪ >35

42.6

5

11

1.6 [0.6-4.1

77.4

2

26

3.3 [1.0-11.2]

84.1

6

71

1.7 [0.7-4.4]

Maternal parity

            

 ▪ 0

63.8

15

235

1.4 [0.6-3.2]

115.0

10

87

1.0 [0.4-2.3]

125.2

19

152

1.3 [0.6-2.8]

 ▪ 1

65.9

13

197

1.2 [0.5-2.9]

118.8

11

51

1.1. [0.4 2.9]

129.2

17

131

1.1 [0.5-2.6]

 ▪ 2-4

193.1

31

160

1.2 [0.6-2.1

346.3

29

58

1

376.9

43

114

1

 ▪ 5+

84.0

16

190

1

151.8

8

26

0.6 [0.3-1.3]

165.0

19

115

1.0 [0.6-1.7]

History of child deathc

            

 ▪ Yes

201.1

40

199

1.4 [0.8-2.3]

359.6

35

97

1.8 [0.8-4.2]

391.5

54

138

1.5 [1.0-2.3]

 ▪ No

142.0

20

141

1

257.3

13

50

1

279.5

25

89

1

Polygynous household

            

 ▪ Yes

194.3

47

242

1.8 [1.0-3.3]

345.6

37

107

1.9 [0.9-4.1]

376.7

61

162

1.8 [1.0-3.3]

 ▪ No

212.6

28

131

1

386.3

21

54

1

419.6

37

88

1

Maternal education

            

 ▪ None

326.8

61

187

1.5 [0.7-3.3]

586.5

49

83

3.8 [0.5-27.0]

638.4

78

122

2.0 [0.9-4.3]

 ▪ Literacy/primary school

55.2

11

199

1.6 [0.6-4.6]1

99.8

8

80

3.6 [0.4-32.0]

108.5

17

157

2.5 [1.0-6.4]

 ▪ Secondary school

24.9

3

120

1

45.5

1

22

1

49.4

3

61

1

Socio-economic statusd

            

 ▪ Q1 (most poor)

86.6

13

150

1

157.4

8

51

1

171.1

17

99

1

 ▪ Q2

73.5

21

286

1.9 [0.8-4.6]

131.2

12

91

1.8 [0.7-4.5]

142.9

26

182

1.8 [0.8-4.1]

 ▪ Q3

83.8

16

191

1.3 [0.6-2.7]

150.1

13

87

1.7 [0.7-4.2]

163.5

21

128

1.3 [0.7-2.4]

 ▪ Q4

83.5

11

132

0.9 [0.4-2.1]

151.6

8

53

1.0 [0.3-3.5]

164.5

14

85

0.8 [0.4-1.9]

 ▪Q5 (less poor)

79.5

14

176

1.2 [0.6-2.3]

141.5

17

120

2.3 [1.1-4.9]

154.2

20

130

1.3 [08–2.0]

Mother sleeps under bednet

            

 ▪ Yes

156.7

25

159

1

284.1

16

56

1

308.7

32

103

1

 ▪ No

250.2

50

200

1.2 [0.6-2.5]

447.8

42

94

1.6 [1.0-2.8]

487.6

66

135

1.3 [0.7-2.2]

Antenatal care visit

            

 · 0

112.2

20

178

1.2 [0.5-2.7]

203.1

13

64

0.9 [0.4-1.7]

221.0

25

113

1.1 [0.6-2.0]

 · 1-2

218.2

44

201

1.4 [0.7-2.7]

390.5

35

89

1.2 [0.7-2.1]

425.1

58

136

1.3 [0.8-2.2]

 · >2

76.5

11

144

1

138.2

10

72

1

150.2

15

100

1

Birth attendant

            

 ▪ Health personnel

154.2

28

181

1

275.4

31

112

1

299.7

41

137

1

 ▪ TBA/family/other

252.7

47

186

1.0 [0.7-1.5]

456.5

27

59

0.5 [0.3-8]

496.6

57

115

0.8 [0.6-1.2]

Season of delivery

            

 ▪ Dry season (Nov-Apr)

189.1

40

211

1.3 [0.9-2.0]

339.7

26

76

0.9 [0.6-1.3]

369.6

50

135

1.2 [0.8-1.7]

 ▪ Rainy season (May-Oct)

217.8

35

160

1

392.2

32

81

1

426.7

48

112

1

Sex of newborn

            

 ▪ Girl

201.7

32

158

1

362.8

29

80

1

394.6

48

121

1

 ▪ Boy

205.2

43

209

1.3 [0.8-2.1]

369.0

29

78

1.0 [0.6-1.6]

401.7

50

124

1.0 [0.7-1.5]

Twin births

            

 ▪ Yes

13.3

18

1349

8.3 [4.8-14.5]

21.5

10

465

6.7 [3.12.7]

24.0

21

876

7.7 [4.6-12.8]

 ▪ No

393.6

57

145

1

710.4

48

67

1

772.3

77

100

1

Low anthropometric z-scores at week-3e

 · Yes

101.9

18

177

4.0 [1.5-10.5]

180.3

25

138

3.2 [1.8-5.7]

196.5

27

137

3.2 [1.8-5.9]

 · No

253.1

11

43

1

461.0

20

43

1

500.2

21

42

1

  1. aMortality rates (MRs) per 1000 person-years of observation (PYO).
  2. bAll crude analyses adjusted for the cluster-design of the main EBF-study and estimates of HRs are with robust standard errors.
  3. cRestricted only to multiparous mothers.
  4. dSee Table 1 for computation of the index of household assets.
  5. eApplicable only to those with weight or height measured at week-3 visit (±7 days, N = 723).
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