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Table 5 Sample sizes, rates, and hazard ratios for mortality from all-causes and diseases of the circulatory system among participants aged > = 20 years after excluding prevalent self-reported diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002-2006

From: Combined television viewing and computer use and mortality from all-causes and diseases of the circulatory system among adults in the United States

  Screen time (hours per day)
  < 1 1 2 3 4 > = 5 P for trend
All-causes        
Unweighted no. deaths/no. at risk 21/744 32/967 48/1565 46/1010 22/611 41/719 --
Unweighted person-years 4232 5617 9096 5843 3534 3963 --
Age-adjusted rate/1,000 PY (95% CI) 5.4 (1.1, 9.6) 5.9 (3.0, 8.9) 5.0 (3.8, 6.1) 8.1 (5.3, 10.8) 4.1 (2.1, 6.2) 8.6 (5.8, 11.5) --
Model 1 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.04 (0.46, 2.34) 1.02 (0.48, 2.14) 1.62 (0.63, 4.12) 0.80 (0.33, 1.94) 1.85 (0.86, 3.98) 0.051
Model 2 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.06 (0.46, 2.40) 1.00 (0.48, 2.09) 1.60 (0.65, 3.95) 0.77 (0.33, 1.81) 1.71 (0.82, 3.57) 0.091
Model 3 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.08 (0.48, 2.45) 0.98 (0.48, 2.01) 1.49 (0.61, 3.64) 0.72 (0.30, 1.72) 1.45 (0.69, 3.06) 0.325
Model 4 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.12 (0.50, 2.53) 1.03 (0.51, 2.09) 1.48 (0.62, 3.52) 0.71 (0.30, 1.68) 1.33 (0.65, 2.74) 0.592
Model 5 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.11 (0.49, 2.53) 1.01 (0.49, 2.08) 1.47 (0.62, 3.50) 0.70 (0.30, 1.64) 1.29 (0.63, 2.64) 0.634
Diseases of the circulatory system        
Unweighted no. deaths/no. at risk 6/744 8/967 10/1565 15/1010 9/611 15/719 --
Unweighted person-years 4232 5617 9096 5843 3534 3963 --
Age-adjusted rate/1,000 PY (95% CI) 1.1 (0.1, 2.2) 1.1 (0.0, 2.2) 0.6 (0.0, 1.4) 2.3 (0.7, 3.9) 1.3 (0.4, 2.3) 3.5 (1.0, 6.1) --
Model 1 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.04 (0.19, 5.62) 0.52 (0.11, 2.41) 1.46 (0.42, 5.05) 0.89 (0.25, 3.17) 2.68 (0.83, 8.70) 0.071
Model 2 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.05 (0.19, 5.74) 0.57 (0.12, 2.73) 1.58 (0.45, 5.50) 0.96 (0.27, 3.43) 2.58 (0.80, 8.32) 0.074
Model 3 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.10 (0.21, 5.78) 0.58 (0.12, 2.76) 1.55 (0.42, 5.68) 0.93 (0.26, 3.28) 2.45 (0.72, 8.35) 0.101
Model 4 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.22 (0.22, 6.96) 0.67 (0.14, 3.15) 1.77 (0.50, 6.33) 1.07 (0.29, 3.93) 2.58 (0.75, 8.82) 0.081
Model 5 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.47 (0.24, 8.81) 0.75 (0.16, 3.42) 2.04 (0.54, 7.70) 1.43 (0.34, 6.07) 3.17 (0.86, 11.63) 0.042
  1. CI = confidence interval; PY = person-years
  2. Model 1 is adjusted for age
  3. Model 2 is adjusted for age, gender, race or ethnicity, educational attainment
  4. Model 3 is adjusted for variables in model 2 plus smoking status, leisure-time physical activity, Healthy Eating Index score, and alcohol consumption
  5. Model 4 is adjusted for variables in model 3 plus health status and health insurance coverage
  6. Model 5 is adjusted for variables in model 5 plus body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and HbA1c
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