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Table 4 Sample sizes, rates, and hazard ratios for mortality from all-causes and diseases of the circulatory system among participants aged > = 20 years, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002-2006

From: Combined television viewing and computer use and mortality from all-causes and diseases of the circulatory system among adults in the United States

  Screen time (hours per day)
  < 2 2- < 4 > = 4 P for trend
All-causes     
Unweighted no. deaths/no. at risk 122/2088 223/3367 197/1895 --
Unweighted person-years 11,892 19,218 10,393 --
Age-adjusted rate/1,000 PY (95% CI) 8.7 (6.4, 10.9) 9.1 (7.5, 10.7) 11.0 (8.8, 13.2) --
Model 1 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.18 (0.87, 1.60) 1.47 (1.15, 1.89) 0.003
Model 2 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.17 (0.86, 1.58) 1.37 (1.09, 1.73) 0.014
Model 3 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.14 (0.84, 1.55) 1.24 (0.96, 1.59) 0.134
Model 4 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.18 (0.87, 1.59) 1.13 (0.88, 1.44) 0.712
Model 5 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.16 (0.86, 1.55) 1.08 (0.85, 1.38) 0.962
Model 6 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 1.16 (0.86, 1.56) 1.14 (0.90, 1.44) 0.589
Model 4: Exclude prevalent diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer 1.00 1.15 (0.69, 1.92) 0.96 (0.63, 1.47) 0.406
Model 5: Exclude deaths in year 1 1.00 1.20 (0.89, 1.61) 1.11 (0.86, 1.42) 0.917
Diseases of the circulatory system     
Unweighted no. deaths/no. at risk 46/2088 74/3367 70/1895 --
Unweighted person-years 11,892 19,218 10,393 --
Age-adjusted rate/1,000 PY (95% CI) 3.3 (2.0, 4.6) 2.7 (1.8, 3.5) 3.2 (2.4, 4.1) --
Model 1 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 0.82 (0.48, 1.40) 1.05 (0.72, 1.53) 0.388
Model 2 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 0.84 (0.48, 1.46) 1.00 (0.68, 1.48) 0.606
Model 3 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 0.86 (0.49, 1.54) 0.96 (0.62, 1.48) 0.880
Model 4 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 0.90 (0.50, 1.64) 0.87 (0.55, 1.36) 0.578
Model 5 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 0.96 (0.54, 1.71) 0.88 (0.53, 1.45) 0.555
Model 6 (hazard ratio, 95% CI) 1.00 0.98 (0.56, 1.71) 0.96 (0.60, 1.52) 0.845
Model 4: Exclude prevalent diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer 1.00 1.07 (0.46, 2.47) 1.65 (0.75, 3.62) 0.186
Model 5: Exclude deaths in year 1 1.00 1.00 (0.55, 1.84) 0.84 (0.48, 1.46) 0.418
  1. CI = confidence interval; PY = person-years
  2. Model 1 is adjusted for age
  3. Model 2 is adjusted for age, gender, race or ethnicity, educational attainment
  4. Model 3 is adjusted for variables in model 2 plus smoking status, leisure-time physical activity, Healthy Eating Index score, and alcohol consumption
  5. Model 4 is adjusted for variables in model 3 plus health status and health insurance coverage
  6. Model 5 is adjusted for variables in model 4 plus histories of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer
  7. Model 6 is adjusted for variables in model 5 plus body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and HbA1c
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