Table 1 Prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in South Asian countries
From: Prevalence and trends of the diabetes epidemic in South Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
| Â | Study date | Study setting [reference] | Sample size | Age group | Prevalence of pre-diabetes | Prevalence of Diabetes | Diabetes Epidemicity Index | Diagnostic criteria | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | All | Male | Female | All | Male | Female | Â | Â |
Bangladesh | 1999–2000 | Rural [18] | 4923 | ≥20 | 12.4 | 12.7 | 12.1 | 3.8 | 5.2 | 3.4 | 76.5% | ADA |
|  | 2002 | Rura [19] | 1119 | ≥20 | 8.4 | 7.3 | 9.4 | 6.4 | 7.4 | 5.5 | 56.8% | ADA |
|  | 2004 | Semi-urban [20] | 3981 | ≥20 | 5.8 | 4.4 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 6.5 | 46.0% | WHO 1997 |
|  | 2002–2003 | Urban [21] | 5265 | ≥20 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 9.9 | 33.1% | WHO 1997 |
|  | 2004–2005 | Rural[22] | 975 | ≥20 | 4.7†| 3.9 | 5.2 | 8.5†| 9.4 | 8.0 | 35.6% | WHO 1997 |
|  | 2000 | Urban [23] | 11216 | ≥20 | 14.0 | 14.6 | 14.3 | 12.1 | 12.5 | 11.9 | 53.6% | WHO 1997 |
|  | 2000 | Urban [24] | 10025 | ≥20 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 7.9 | 13.9 | 13.3 | 14.3 | 36.8% | WHO 1997 |
India | 1999–2002 | National [11] | 18363 | ≥25 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 54.7% | WHO 1997 |
|  | 2002–2003 | Urban [25] | 10930 | 20–69 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 3.9 | 10.1 | 11.1 | 8.4 | 34.4% | WHO 1997 |
|  | 2002–2005 | Urban [16] | 986 | >18 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 9.0 | 8.7 | 9.2 | 31.3% | WHO 1997 |
|  | 2005 | Rural [26] | 4535 | ≥30 | 15.5 | 16.6 | 14.3 | 13.2 | 14.3 | 12.0 | 54.0% | ADA |
|  | 2007 | Rural [27] | 1645 | ≥20 | 4.6 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 12.5 | 16.5 | 13.5 | 26.9% | WHO 1997 |
India | 2008–2009 | Urban [28] | 2227 | ≥20 | 13.2 | NR | NR | 11.1 | NR | NR | 54.3% | WHO 1997 |
|  | 2009–2010 | Rural [29] | 1370 | ≥20 | 12.0 | 10.5 | 13.6 | 19.8 | 16.1 | 22.0 | 37.7% | WHO 1997 |
Maldives | 2011a | Rural [30] | 1266 | ≥20 | NR | NR | NR | 10.3 | 8.4 | 12.0 | NR | ADA |
|  | 2004 | National [14] | 1556 | 25–64 | 3.0 | 2.3 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 40.0% | WHO 1997 |
|  | 1999–2001 | Urban and rural [31] | 1841 | ≥20 | 6.5†| 7.0†| 6.1†| 10.6†| 11.6†| 9.8†| 38.0% | ADA |
Nepal | 2001–2002 | Urban [32] | 1012 | ≥40 | 11.5 | 13.2 | 10.2 | 8.5 | 10.8 | 6.9 | 57.5% | ADA, WHO 1997 |
|  | 2007a | Urban [17] | 740 | ≥20 | 19.5 | 25.0 | 15.0 | 9.5 | 11.8 | 7.9 | 67.2% | ADA |
Pakistan | 1995 | National [12] | 5433 | ≥25 | 10.2†| 6.6†| 12.1†| 8.7†| 9.3†| 11.1†| 54.0% | WHO 1994 |
|  | 2002 | Rural [15] | 2032 | ≥25 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 2.3 | 7.2 | 10.1 | 4.3 | 29.4% | ADA |
|  | 2000 | Urban [33] | 1042 | 30–64 | NR | NR | NR | 6.5 | 5.0 | 6.6 | NR | ADA |
Sri Lanka | 2000–2001 | Urban and rural [34] | 6047 | 30–65 | 14.1†| 14.2 | 14.1 | 13.8†| 14.2 | 13.5 | 50.5% | ADA, WHO 1997 |
|  | 2005–2006 | National [13] | 4532 | ≥20 | 11.5 | 11.0 | 11.7 | 10.3 | 9.8 | 10.9 | 52.8% | ADA, WHO 1997 |