Table 1 Baseline participant characteristics by history of diagnosed diabetes

N

1873

1587

286

Age (years; mean ± SE)

73.0 ± 0.14

73.0 ± 0.15

73.1 ± 0.36

0.943

Sex (% female)

48.7

48.7

48.6

0.973

Education (years; mean ± SE)

4.9 ± 0.11

4.9 ± 0.12

5.1 ± 0.30

0.535

Marital status (%married or living with partner)

66.8

67.2

64.3

0.338

Smoking status (%current)

19.4

19.7

17.8

0.454

Functional status (%)

High

47.7

50.5

32.5

< 0.001

Middle

44.6

43.0

53.8

Low

7.6

6.6

13.6

Heart disease (% yes)

23.4

21.6

32.9

< 0.001

Hypertension (% yes)

39.6

37.3

52.3

< 0.001

Stroke (% yes)

7.6

6.4

14.4

< 0.001

Number of other conditions^† (%)

0

49.6

52.1

35.3

< 0.001

1

32.8

32.4

34.5

≥ 2

17.7

15.4

30.2

Duration of diabetes (years; mean ± SE)

10.0 ± 0.55

-

Use Insulin (% yes)

19.7

-