From: The effect of perceived discrimination on the health of immigrant workers in Spain
Perceived discriminationa | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample | Due to immigrant status | Due to physical appearance | Workplace related | |||||
Socio-demographic characteristics | n | % | n | Prevalence | n | Prevalence | n | Prevalence |
Sex | ||||||||
Male | 1395 | 57.3 | 1022 | 73.3 | 488 | 35.0 | 700 | 50.2 |
Female | 1039 | 42.7 | 720 | 69.3 | 325 | 31.3 | 480 | 46.2 |
Age (y)b | ||||||||
< = 24 | 422 | 13.3 | 313 | 74.2 | 143 | 33.9 | 216 | 51.2 |
25-34 | 1097 | 45.1 | 789 | 71.9 | 366 | 33.4 | 535 | 48.8 |
35-44 | 638 | 26.2 | 464 | 72.7 | 225 | 35.3 | 308 | 48.3 |
45-54 | 222 | 9.1 | 145 | 65.3 | 63 | 28.4 | 98 | 44.1 |
> = 55 | 42 | 1.7 | 21 | 50.0 | 10 | 23.8 | 15 | 35.7 |
Legal Status (work and residence) | ||||||||
Documented | 1893 | 77.8 | 1324 | 69.8 | 638 | 33.7 | 894 | 47.2 |
Undocumented | 541 | 22.2 | 421 | 77.8 | 175 | 32.3 | 286 | 52.9 |
Occupation | ||||||||
Manual | 1539 | 63.3 | 1111 | 72.2 | 536 | 34.8 | 770 | 50.0 |
Non manual | 894 | 36.7 | 630 | 70.5 | 277 | 31.0 | 410 | 45.9 |
Educative levelb | ||||||||
Non studies/primary studies | 770 | 31.6 | 576 | 74.8 | 308 | 40.0 | 412 | 53.5 |
Secondary | 1247 | 51.2 | 883 | 70.8 | 392 | 31.4 | 593 | 47.6 |
University | 413 | 17.0 | 280 | 67.8 | 112 | 27.1 | 173 | 41.9 |
Economic Activities (Main sectors)b | ||||||||
Agriculture | 266 | 10.9 | 129 | 71.1 | 89 | 33.5 | 129 | 48.5 |
Industry | 180 | 7.4 | 118 | 71.1 | 63 | 35.0 | 91 | 50.6 |
Construction | 592 | 24.3 | 434 | 73.3 | 200 | 33.8 | 295 | 49.8 |
Services | 1394 | 57.3 | 990 | 71.0 | 461 | 33.1 | 665 | 47.7 |
Origin country | ||||||||
Ecuador | 611 | 25.1 | 410 | 67.1 | 190 | 31.1 | 280 | 45.8 |
Morocco | 625 | 25.7 | 485 | 77.6 | 307 | 49.1 | 351 | 56.2 |
Romania | 601 | 24.7 | 428 | 71.2 | 164 | 27.3 | 289 | 48.1 |
Colombia | 597 | 24.5 | 419 | 70.2 | 152 | 25.5 | 260 | 43.6 |
Living time in Spain | ||||||||
< 2 | 295 | 12.1 | 212 | 71.9 | 80 | 27.1 | 135 | 45.7 |
2 to 6 | 1334 | 54.8 | 955 | 71.6 | 433 | 32.5 | 639 | 47.9 |
> 6 | 805 | 33.1 | 575 | 71.4 | 300 | 37.3 | 406 | 50.4 |
Total | 2434 | 100.0 | 1742 | 71.6 | 813 | 33.4 | 1180 | 48.5 |