Neighborhood fast food restaurants and fast food consumption: A national study

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Associations between fast food availability and reported days ate fast food, by urbanicity^a [beta coefficient (95% CI)]^{b, c}, National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health Wave III (young adulthood; 2001-02)

	Non-urban	Low density urban	High density urban
	N = 3,662	N = 6,140	N = 3,348
Fast food availability measure
Chain fast food restaurant within 3 km network buffer around each individual residence
Count per 100 km secondary and local road	---	-0.01 (-0.03, 0.00)	0.02 (-0.01, 0.04)
Count ≥1 versus 0	-0.08 (-0.16, 0.01)	---	---
Sensitivity analyses
Chain fast food restaurant within 3 km Euclidean buffer around each individual residence
Count per 100 km secondary and local road	---	-0.01 (-0.02, 0.01)	0.02 (0.00, 0.04)
Ccount per 10,000 population	---	-0.01 (-0.02, 0.01)	0.05 (0.00, 0.09)
Count ≥1 versus 0	-0.03 (-0.11, 0.06)	---	---
Chain fast food restaurant within 1 km network buffer around each individual residence
Count per 100 km secondary and local road	---	---	0.01 (0.00, 0.02)
Count ≥1 versus 0	---	---	---
Chain + non-chain ^e fast food restaurant within 3 km network buffer around each individual residence
Count per 100 km secondary and local road	---	-0.01 (-0.01, 0.00)	0.00 (0.00, 0.00)
Count ≥1 versus 0	0.05 (-0.02, 0.13)	---	---

^a non-urban: distance to UA > 0, low density urban: distance to UA = 0 & % land developed ≤95%, high density urban: = distance to UA = 0 & % land developed > 95%
^b Negative binomial regression models, controlling for age, race, parental education, household income, owning car, relationship type, having any children, population density (except model of count per population measure), %college educated, employed (except where effect measure modification), > 20% population below FPL, % non-Hispanic White
^c Dashes represent un-estimated associations; 1) continuous measures in non-urban areas and dichotomous measures in low- and high-density areas 2) measure within network 1 km in non- and low-density urban areas.
^d Each sensitivity measure was modeled^b separately as continuous variables in low and high density strata and dichotomously in non-urban stratum.
^e Chain and non chain outlets defined by SIC codes 58120307, 58120300-58120315, 58120600, 58120602.

ISSN: 1471-2458