| Model 1 Walking/No Walking (all walkers = 1 non-walkers = 0) | Model 2 Lower-Duration Walking/No Walking (0 to 5 hrs/wk= 1 non-walkers= 0) | Model 3 High-Duration Walking/Lower-Duration Walking (6 or more hrs/wk = 1 0 to 5 hrs/wk = 0) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Independent Variables | Odds ratios | 95% CI | Odds ratios | 95% CI | Odds ratios | 95% CI |
Has diabetes | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 1.22** | 1.01, 1.45 | 1.30** | 1.06, 1.59 | 0.79** | 0.62, 0.99 |
   No | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Has high blood pressure | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Yes | 1.00 | 0.90, 1.11 | 1.03 | 0.92, 1.15 | 0.93 | 0.82, 1.05 |
   No | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Self-perceived stress | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Not at all/not very | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
   A bit | 1.06* | 0.99, 1.13 | 1.07 | 0.99, 1.14 | 0.96 | 0.88, 1.04 |
   Quite a bit/extremely | 0.92** | 0.86, 1.00 | 0.89** | 0.82, 0.97 | 1.08 | 0.99, 1.18 |
Adult BMI | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Normal weight | 1.00 | 0.94, 1.05 | 0.98 | 0.92, 1.04 | 1.07** | 1.00, 1.15 |
   Overweight/obese | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Physical activity index | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Active/moderate | 1.20*** | 1.13, 1.27 | 1.16*** | 1.09, 1.23 | 1.09** | 1.01, 1.16 |
   Inactive | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Male | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
   Female | 1.38*** | 1.30, 1.46 | 1.45*** | 1.36, 1.54 | 0.89*** | 0.82, 0.95 |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   20-34 | 1.20*** | 1.11, 1.29 | 1.25*** | 1.15,1.35 | 0.90** | 0.82, 0.99 |
   35-49 | 1.02 | 0.95, 1.09 | 1.04 | 0.96,1.12 | 0.94 | 0.86, 1.02 |
   50-64 | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Household income | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Under $20,000 | 1.56*** | 1.38, 1.76 | 1.39*** | 1.20,1.59 | 1.44*** | 1.24, 1.65 |
   $20,000 to $49,999 | 1.23*** | 1.14, 1.33 | 1.17*** | 1.07,1.27 | 1.23*** | 1.11, 1.35 |
   $50,000 to $79,999 | 1.12*** | 1.03, 1.20 | 1.09** | 1.00,1.19 | 1.10** | 1.00, 1.20 |
   $80,000 and over | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Education | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Less than high school | 0.74*** | 0.65, 0.83 | 0.69*** | 0.60,0.79 | 1.20** | 1.03, 1.40 |
   High School | 0.96 | 0.88, 1.05 | 0.86** | 0.77,0.95 | 1.40*** | 1.25, 1.55 |
   College or trades | 0.94* | 0.87, 1.00 | 0.84*** | 0.78,0.90 | 1.38*** | 1.27, 1.49 |
   University | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Census Metropolitan Area | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   No CMA assigned | Reference |  | Reference |  | Reference |  |
   St. John's | 1.11 | 0.78, 1.56 | 1.46** | 1.03, 2.06 | 0.40*** | 0.27, 0.58 |
   Halifax | 1.82*** | 1.39, 2.38 | 1.85*** | 1.38, 2.45 | 1.02 | 0.79, 1.30 |
   Québec | 0.44*** | 0.35, 0.55 | 0.53*** | 0.40, 0.67 | 0.64** | 0.46, 0.87 |
   Montréal | 1.09 | 0.98, 1.21 | 1.48*** | 1.32, 1.66 | 0.36*** | 0.30, 0.42 |
   Ottawa-Gatineau | 0.86* | 0.72, 1.02 | 1.07 | 0.89, 1.28 | 0.53*** | 0.42, 0.64 |
   Toronto | 1.46*** | 1.30, 1.64 | 1.56*** | 1.37, 1.76 | 0.89** | 0.78, 1.00 |
   Hamilton | 1.75*** | 1.33, 2.29 | 1.79*** | 1.38, 2.30 | 0.98 | 0.78, 1.22 |
   London | 1.27** | 1.04, 1.54 | 1.34** | 1.09, 1.64 | 0.91 | 0.72, 1.14 |
   Thunder Bay | 0.46*** | 0.35, 0.61 | 0.62** | 0.46, 0.83 | 0.39*** | 0.23, 0.66 |
   Winnipeg | 0.84* | 0.69, 1.01 | 0.74** | 0.60, 0.90 | 1.35** | 1.07, 1.69 |
   Regina | 2.73*** | 1.95, 3.81 | 2.42*** | 1.67, 3.49 | 1.33** | 0.99, 1.78 |
   Saskatoon | 1.15 | 0.88, 1.50 | 1.05 | 0.77, 1.42 | 1.22 | 0.89, 1.66 |
   Calgary | 3.31*** | 2.69, 4.06 | 2.29*** | 1.87, 2.81 | 2.09*** | 1.68, 2.60 |
   Edmonton | 1.01 | 0.83, 1.23 | 1.09 | 0.89, 1.32 | 0.81** | 0.66, 0.97 |
   Vancouver | 1.03 | 0.91, 1.15 | 1.16** | 1.01, 1.31 | 0.75*** | 0.64, 0.86 |
   Victoria | 3.17*** | 2.06, 4.86 | 3.35*** | 2.19, 5.11 | 0.91 | 0.67, 1.22 |
Observations | 51,540 | Â | 38,943 | Â | 32,949 | Â |
Population size | 11,016,136 | Â | 8,491,902 | Â | 6,930,585 | Â |
Pseudo R2 | 0.0312 | Â | 0.0301 | Â | 0.0363 | Â |
Wald chi2 | 1070.45 | (df = 40) | 833.49 | (df = 40) | 613.40 | (df = 40) |