From: Cost-effectiveness of different human papillomavirus vaccines in Singapore
 |  | Screening only | Bivalent* | Quadrivalent* |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cases | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 | Cervical cancer | 229 | 32 | 53 |
 | Deaths from cervical cancer | 144 | 20 | 33 |
 | CIN Persistent 2n3 detected | 2,073 | 294 | 480 |
 | CIN 2n3 detected | 382 | 135 | 168 |
 | CIN 1 detected | 2,109 | 1,127 | 1,293 |
 | Genital warts | 4,126 | 4,126 | 447 |
NON-DISCOUNTED | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Total costs | Â | 21,150,496 | 25,020,340 | 22,822,396 |
 | Vaccine costs | - | 10,000,000 | 10,000,000 |
 | Screening costs | 11,006,014 | 9,949,324 | 10,078,234 |
 | CIN1 treatment costs | 2,330,522 | 1,245,203 | 1,292,796 |
 | CIN 2 & 3 treatment costs | 564,776 | 199,475 | 247,908 |
 | CIN Persistent 2 & 3 treatment costs | 3,067,301 | 435,141 | 710,367 |
 | Genital warts treatment costs | 3,094,714 | 3,094,714 | 335,580 |
 | Cervical cancer treatment costs | 1,087,169 | 96,483 | 157,511 |
Life-years (LY) | Â | 1,692,651 | 1,695,651 | 1,695,338 |
QALYs | Â | 1,717,089 | 1,720,571 | 1,720,299 |
DISCOUNTED | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Total costs | Â | 6,880,106 | 15,034,926 | 14,210,399 |
Life-years (LY) | Â | 711,164 | 711,800 | 711,734 |
QALYs | Â | 735,991 | 736,775 | 736,784 |