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Table 1 Sample characteristics for the survived (mean or % by wave)
| Year | 1996 | 1999 | 2003 | p a |
| N | 2387 | 2022 | 1482 | ** |
| Age (mean) | 73.8+-5.0 | 76.4+-4.8 | 79.6+-4.1 | |
| Sex (male, %) | 56.1 | 55.1 | 54.5 | |
| Education (%) | ||||
| Illiterate | 36.0 | 36.6 | 34.0 | |
| Literate with no formal education | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.2 | |
| Primary school | 34.0 | 34.0 | 34.9 | |
| Junior high school | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.8 | |
| Senior high school | 6.0 | 6.0 | 7.0 | |
| College or above | 5.5 | 5.5 | 6.2 | |
| Subjective financial status (%) | ** | |||
| Very satisfied | 7.5 | 6.9 | 5.7 | |
| Satisfied | 33.4 | 32.0 | 41.4 | |
| Average | 43.3 | 40.9 | 33.5 | |
| Dissatisfied | 15.9 | 20.3 | 19.3 | |
| Self-rated health | ** | |||
| Very good | 12.2 | 9.2 | 7.9 | |
| Good | 19.4 | 19.4 | 21.0 | |
| Faire | 34.2 | 34.4 | 32.1 | |
| Poor | 28.9 | 29.9 | 32.5 | |
| Very poor | 5.4 | 7.1 | 6.6 | |
| CESD-10 score | 6.5+-6.5 | 11.0+-3.7 | 10.5+-3.5 | ** |
