Table 1 Demographic profile and summer and winter neighbourhood walking behaviour among all respondents (n = 428), owners (n = 151) and non-owners (n = 313)

Sex

Male

35.1 (150)

37.1 (116)

29.6 (34)

.150

Female

64.9 (278)

62.9 (197)

70.4 (81)

Marital status

Single

33.4 (143)

76.2 (109)

23.8 (34)

.307

Married

66.6 (285)

71.6 (204)

28.4 (81)

Income

   <$60000

34.3 (147)

38.3 (120)

23.3 (27)

.004*

   $60000 -119999

33.9 (145)

33.9 (106)

33.9 (39)

   ≥$120000

31.8 (136)

27.8 (87)

42.6 (49)

Education

   High school or less

25.6 (110)

26.5 (83)

23.5 (27)

.520

   Technical college/school

25.5 (109)

25.2 (79)

26.1 (30)

   University (undergraduate)

33.6 (144)

31.9 (100)

38.3 (44)

   University (graduate)

15.2 (65)

16.3 (51)

12.2 (14)

Type of residence

   Detached/semi-detached

74.5 (319)

68.4 (214)

91.3 (105)

.001*

   Other

25.5 (109)

31.6 (99)

8.7 (10)

Ethnicity

   White

89.9 (385)

87.9 (275)

95.7 (110)

.017*

   Non-white

10.1 (43)

12.1 (38)

4.3 (5)

Neighbourhood walking for recreation

Consistent participator (NRW in winter and summer)

65.1 (279)

58.8 (184)

82.6 (95)

.001*

Summer participator (NRW in the summer only)

8.9 (38)

12.1 (38)

0 (0)

.001*

Winter participator (NRW in the winter only)

10.5 (45)

10.5 (33)

10.4 (12)

.974

Consistent non-participator (no NRW in winter and summer)

15.4 (66)

18.5 (58)

7.0 (8)

.003*

Neighbourhood walking for transportation

Consistent participator (NTW in winter and summer)

43.7(187)

47.0 (147)

34.8 (40)

.024*

Summer participator (NTW in the summer only)

11.9 (51)

11.8 (37)

12.2 (14)

.920

Winter participator (NTW in the winter only)

12.8 (55)

11.8 (37)

15.6 (18)

.294

Consistent non-participator (no NTW in winter and summer)

24.8 (135)

29.4 (92)

37.4 (43)

.114