Cardiovascular risk estimated after 13 years of follow-up in a low-incidence Mediterranean region with high-prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors

Table 1 Distribution of cardiovascular risk factors by sex among cohort participants (≥18 years)

		Men (N = 956)		Women (N = 1067)
		Median	IQR	Median	IQR	P
Age at recruitment (years)		39.3	19.5	40.5	19.0	0,699
Body mass index (kg/m ² )		26.7	4.7	26.3	6.6	0,572
Total serum cholesterol (mg/dl)		196.0	63.5	186.0	63.0	<0,001
Serum triglycerides (mg/dl)		118.0	86.5	84.0	51.0	<0,001
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)		129.0	20.0	121.0	24.0	<0,001
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)		79.0	16.0	76.0	16.0	<0,001
		N	%	N	%	P
Hypercholesterolemia ^a	No	664	69.5	792	74.2
	Controlled	100	10.5	105	9.8
	Uncontrolled	164	17.2	143	13.4	0.040
	Unknown^d	28	2.9	27	2.5
Triglyceridemia	<150 mg/dl	650	68.0	943	88.4
	≥150 mg/dl	306	32.0	124	11.6	<0,001
Educational level	Illiterate	19	2.0	47	4.4
	Incomplete primary	255	26.7	374	35.1
	Primary shool	394	41.2	428	40.1
	Secondary school	165	17.3	130	12.2
	University	123	12.9	88	8.2	<0,001
Hypertension ^b	No	562	58.8	695	65.0
	Controlled	60	6.3	101	9.4
	Uncontrolled	310	32.4	265	24.8	<0,001
	Unknown^d	24	2.5	9	0.8
Diabetes ^c	No	859	89.9	945	88.6
	Yes	74	7.7	103	9.7	0,140
	Unknown^d	23	2.4	19	1.8
Smoking	Non-smoker	309	32.3	740	69.4
	Former smoker	132	13.8	37	3.5
	Smoker	515	53.9	290	27.2	<0,001
Body mass index	<25 kg/m²	293	30.7	413	38.7
	25-29.9 kg/m²	485	50.7	378	35.4
	≥30 kg/m²	178	18.6	276	25.9	<0,001
Moderate physical activity	None	722	80,8	972	91,1
	<1/2 h/day	97	10,2	54	5,1
	≥1/2 h/day	87	8,1	41	3,8	<0,001
Intense physical activity	None	830	86,8	1011	94,8
	<2 h/day	40	4,2	19	1,8
	≥2 h/day	86	9,0	37	3,5	<0,001

IQR: Interquartile range (Q₃ - Q₁).
^aControlled hypercholesterolemia defined as prior diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia or use of lipid-lowering medication and total serum cholesterol <240 mg/dl; uncontrolled hypercholesterolemia defined as total serum cholesterol ≥240 mg/dl.
^bControlled hypertension defined as prior diagnosis of hypertension or use of anti-hypertensive medication and systolic/diastolic blood pressure <140/90 mmHg; uncontrolled hypertension defined as systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg.
^cDefined as a self-reported diagnosis of diabetes or prescription of insulin or oral anti-diabetic medication.
^dParticipants with missing data on drug use, excluded from statistical tests.

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