| |
German Switzerland (GS)
|
French Switzerland (FS)
| | |
|---|
| | |
Rate overall and by educational level
|
Rate decrease per additional year of education
| |
Rate overall and by educational level
|
Rate decrease per additional year of education
|
GS vs. FS*
|
Significance of region*
|
|---|
| |
deaths
|
all
|
low
|
middle
|
high
|
%
|
95% CI
|
deaths
|
all
|
low
|
middle
|
high
|
%
|
95% CI
|
p-value
|
z-value
|
|---|
|
All causes
|
122182
|
1186
|
1515
|
1156
|
854
|
7.74
|
(7.49;7.99)
|
38721
|
1220
|
1478
|
1176
|
882
|
6.45
|
(6.07;6.84)
|
< 0.001
|
5.5
|
|
Circulatory system
|
44555
|
426
|
529
|
418
|
310
|
7.29
|
(6.88;7.70)
|
12141
|
376
|
451
|
363
|
272
|
6.33
|
(5.64;7.02)
|
0.019
|
2.36
|
|
Coronary heart disease
|
24732
|
238
|
283
|
239
|
177
|
6.38
|
(5.84;6.92)
|
5597
|
175
|
203
|
174
|
129
|
5.31
|
(4.33;6.30)
|
0.062
|
1.86
|
|
Other heart diseases
|
8297
|
80
|
108
|
76
|
52
|
10.14
|
(9.14;11.15)
|
1291
|
106
|
135
|
96
|
75
|
7.97
|
(6.63;9.33)
|
0.012
|
2.53
|
|
Stroke
|
6313
|
59
|
77
|
55
|
44
|
7.93
|
(6.83;9.03)
|
1735
|
53
|
62
|
52
|
37
|
6.44
|
(4.62;8.29)
|
0.175
|
1.36
|
|
Cancer
|
42872
|
420
|
513
|
419
|
315
|
6.39
|
(5.98;6.80)
|
14695
|
467
|
556
|
456
|
347
|
5.96
|
(5.34;6.58)
|
0.250
|
1.15
|
|
UADT cancer
|
3272
|
33
|
51
|
32
|
18
|
15.20
|
(13.46;16.97)
|
1604
|
53
|
70
|
53
|
28
|
12.50
|
(10.34;14.69)
|
0.057
|
1.9
|
|
Stomach cancer
|
2052
|
20
|
29
|
19
|
12
|
12.84
|
(10.73;14.99)
|
544
|
17
|
23
|
15
|
12
|
9.18
|
(5.75;12.72)
|
0.081
|
1.75
|
|
Intestinal cancer
|
4468
|
44
|
45
|
44
|
39
|
1.89
|
(0.75;3.04)
|
1467
|
46
|
50
|
48
|
39
|
2.39
|
(0.63;4.19)
|
0.638
|
-0.47
|
|
Liver cancer
|
1494
|
15
|
17
|
15
|
11
|
6.18
|
(4.02;8.38)
|
790
|
25
|
28
|
26
|
20
|
4.27
|
(1.75;6.85)
|
0.265
|
1.12
|
|
Lung cancer
|
11841
|
118
|
165
|
116
|
65
|
12.97
|
(12.09;13.87)
|
4163
|
134
|
179
|
123
|
82
|
11.07
|
(9.76;12.40)
|
0.019
|
2.34
|
|
Breast cancer
|
4852
|
45
|
47
|
45
|
43
|
1.22
|
(0.14;2.30)
|
1445
|
43
|
45
|
43
|
39
|
1.66
|
(-0.09;3.45)
|
0.672
|
-0.42
|
|
Other diseases
|
15497
|
149
|
212
|
139
|
97
|
11.34
|
(10.76;11.92)
|
4947
|
153
|
193
|
143
|
105
|
7.63
|
(6.81;8.45)
|
< 0.001
|
7.23
|
|
COPD
|
5418
|
51
|
80
|
45
|
24
|
18.18
|
(16.73;19.64)
|
1177
|
36
|
51
|
30
|
21
|
13.89
|
(11.23;16.62)
|
0.007
|
2.72
|
|
Liver cirrhosis
|
2490
|
25
|
37
|
25
|
15
|
12.99
|
(11.08;14.94)
|
1128
|
37
|
50
|
38
|
19
|
12.20
|
(9.67;14.80)
|
0.630
|
0.48
|
|
Ill-defined
|
2670
|
27
|
32
|
26
|
25
|
1.72
|
(0.26;3.21)
|
1832
|
58
|
64
|
59
|
50
|
2.86
|
(1.26;4.48)
|
0.305
|
-1.03
|
|
Injuries
|
8680
|
87
|
112
|
85
|
67
|
6.44
|
(5.55;7.35)
|
2801
|
91
|
113
|
87
|
68
|
6.43
|
(5.03;7.85)
|
0.986
|
0.02
|
|
Suicide
|
4121
|
42
|
46
|
42
|
36
|
2.57
|
(1.37;3.78)
|
1280
|
42
|
50
|
42
|
34
|
4.42
|
(2.45;6.42)
|
0.116
|
-1.57
|
|
Transport accident
|
1452
|
15
|
21
|
13
|
11
|
11.46
|
(9.05;13.93)
|
488
|
16
|
19
|
16
|
12
|
4.94
|
(1.73;8.24)
|
0.002
|
3.12
|
|
Smoking-related
|
20595
|
202
|
296
|
194
|
108
|
14.72
|
(14.02;15.42)
|
6969
|
223
|
301
|
206
|
131
|
11.55
|
(10.52;12.58)
|
< 0.001
|
4.98
|
|
Alcohol-related
|
8378
|
85
|
123
|
83
|
48
|
12.96
|
(11.91;14.02)
|
3867
|
127
|
163
|
128
|
73
|
10.44
|
(9.11;11.78)
|
0.004
|
2.91
|
- *Statistical significance of the difference between Swiss regions in decrease of mortality per additional year of education
- 1990-2000, 40-79 years
- UADT: Upper aerodigestive tract; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- ISCED: International Standard Classification of Education
- Educational level: low = no secondary or tertiary education (ISCED 1-2), middle = secondary education (ISCED 3-4); high = tertiary education (ISCED 5-6)
- Rates were standardized to the WHO standard population "Europe" [13]
- Data source: Swiss Federal Statistical Office/Swiss National Cohort
