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Table 1 characteristics of the study sample (N = 333) and differences in the number of antenatal visits between subgroups

From: Determinants of the number of antenatal visits in a metropolitan region

  

Study Sample

Total number of Antenatal visits

  

N

%

Median

P25-P75

P

Predisposing characteristics

     

Age* a

<= 20

14

4.2

11

11-13

NS

 

21-35

265

79.5

12

10-15

 
 

>35

53

15.9

13

10-15

 

Marital Status b

Co-habiting

302

90.7

11

9-14

NS

 

Single

31

9.3

12

10-15

 

Origina

15 oldest EU countriesc

134

40.3

13

10-17

< 0.001

 

Maghreb and Turkey

112

33.6

11

9-13

 
 

Sub-Saharan African

49

14.7

13

9-14

 
 

Other

38

11.4

12

10-15

 

Educational level a

Not finished secondary school

49

14.7

10

9-12

< 0.001

 

Secondary school

150

45.0

11

9-13

 
 

Higher education

134

40.2

14

11-18

 

Occupational status b

Active on labour market

151

45.3

13

10-17

< 0.001

 

Not active on the labour market

182

54.7

11

9-14

 

Enabling characteristics

     

Equivalent incomea,d

Low

91

27.3

11

9-13

< 0.001

 

Moderate

164

49.2

11.5

10-14

 
 

High

78

23.4

15

12-18

 

Health Insurance Coverage b

Yes

311

93.4

11

10-14

NS

 

No

22

6.6

12

10-15

 

Receiving welfare benefits* b

Yes

31

9.3

12

10-15

NS

 

No

301

90.4

11

9-13

 

Regular obstetrician b

Yes

160

48.0

12

10-14

NS

 

No

173

52.0

12.5

10-16

 

Regular General Practitioner b

Yes

206

61.9

11

9-14

0.042

 

No

127

38.1

13

10-16

 

Pregnancy related characteristics

     

Parity b

Primiparae

128

38.4

13.5

11-17

< 0.001

 

Multiparae

205

61.5

11

9-14

 

Wanted pregnancy* b

Later or not

52

15.6

11.5

9.5-13

NS

 

Earlier or right time

280

84.1

12

10-16

 

Planned pregnancy b

Yes

257

77.2

11

9-13

0.002

 

No

76

22.8

12

10-16

 

Medical assisted pregnancy* b

Yes

15

4.5

12

10-15

NS

 

No

317

95.2

12

10-16

 

History of obstetric risks b,e

Yes

92

27.6

12

10-16

NS

 

No

241

72.4

12

10-14

 

Gestational age at initiation of care b

Before week 14

316

99.5

12

10-15

< 0.001

 

After week 14

17

0.05

9

6-10

 

High risk status during antenatal careb,f

Yes

51

15.3

12

10-15

0.023

 

No

282

84.7

14

10-17

 

Continuity of Carer Index b,g

<50%

253

76.0

12

10-16

0.002

 

>= 50%

80

24.0

11

9-13

 

Gestational age at delivery b

<37 weeks

24

7.2

10

9-13

0.016

 

>= 37 weeks

309

92.8

12

10-15

 
  1. *1 missing **2 missing
  2. NS Not Significant
  3. P25-P75 Percentile 25-Percentile 75
  4. a Kruskal-Wallis test
  5. b Mann-Whitney test
  6. c Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom
  7. dΣ incomes in the household/(1+(a*0.5)+(c*0.3)) with a: number of adults living in the same household of the wife (wife not included), c: number of children under the age of 18 living in the same household (OECD scale)[26]
  8. e history of preterm baby, low birth weight, miscarriage, still birth or admission on Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
  9. f hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm contractions, hospitalization, anaemia
  10. g Bice index or Continuity of Care index: COC = ∑ n j 2 − n n ( n − 1 ) (Bice, 1977) [31, 32]
  11. nj is the total number of visits to a provider
  12. n is the total number of visits
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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