N = 1139 | n | Mean score ± SD | t-value/F-value | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||
Male | 474 | 11.77 ± 8.991 | ||
Female | 665 | 11.50 ± 8.481 | 0.743* | 0.458† |
Ethnicity | ||||
Malay | 576 | 11.64 ± 8.505 | ||
Chinese | 348 | 11.42 ± 9.046 | 0.276** | 0.843† |
Indian | 211 | 11.87 ± 8.660 | ||
Religion | ||||
Muslim | 584 | 11.67 ± 8.516 | ||
Hindu | 180 | 11.43 ± 8.395 | 3.696** | 0.005‡ |
Christian | 78 | 13.87 ± 8.535 | ||
Buddhist | 293 | 11.07 ± 9.143 | ||
Education level | ||||
Form 4 | 339 | 10.24 ± 8.510 | ||
Form 5 | 417 | 11.41 ± 8.736 | 20.922** | 0.000‡ |
Form 6 | 383 | 13.05 ± 8.369 | ||
Course stream | ||||
Arts | 575 | 10.65 ± 8.758 | ||
Science | 564 | 12.60 ± 8.397 | -0.56* | 0.000‡ |
Socioeconomic status | ||||
Low (less than RM 1000) | 445 | 10.92 ± 8.789 | ||
Middle (RM 1000-RM 3000) | 532 | 11.76 ± 8.292 | 7.739** | 0.000‡ |
High (RM 3100 and above) | 162 | 13.03 ± 9.350 | ||
Sexual experience | ||||
Yes | 143 | 12.90 ± 8.479 | ||
No | 963 | 11.49 ± 8.710 | -2.293* | 0.022‡ |