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Table 1 Child reported household smoking and socioeconomic circumstances for each ethnic group.

From: The influence of parental smoking and family type on saliva cotinine in UK ethnic minority children: a cross sectional study

 

White UK

(N = 359)

Black Caribbean

(N = 551)

Black African

(N = 633)

Indian

(N = 339)

Pakistani

(N = 275)

Bangladeshi

(N = 154)

 

% (95%CI)

% (95%CI)

% (95%CI)

% (95%CI)

% (95%CI)

% (95%CI)

Age - mean (SE)

12.6 (0.03)

12.7 (0.03)

12.7 (0.03)

12.5 (0.03)

12.6 (0.04)

12.7 (0.05)

Females

47 (42, 52)

52 (48, 56)

54 (50, 58)

44 (39, 49)

32 (27, 38)

38 (31, 46)

Household smoking

      

No smokers

43 (38, 48)

47 (43, 51)

77 (74, 80)

73 (68, 78)

60 (54, 66)

49 (41, 57)

Maternal smoker only

19 (15, 24)

15 (12, 18)*

3 (2, 4)*

2 (1, 4)*

1 (0, 3)*

4 (2, 8)*

Paternal smoking only

13 (10, 17)

11 (9, 14)

8 (6, 10)*

14 (11, 19)

20 (16, 26)

32 (26, 40)||

Both parents smoke

14 (11, 18)

6 (5, 9)*

1 (1, 3)*

2 (1, 4)*

3 (1, 6)*

1 (0, 5)*

Other household member smokes

4 (3, 7)

8 (6, 11)

3 (2, 5)*

4 (2, 6)*

8 (5, 12)

6 (4,12)

Socioeconomic circumstances

      

Most advantaged tertile°

47 (42, 52)

30 (26, 34)

21 (18, 25)

37 (32, 42)

28 (23, 34)

16 (11, 22)

Least advantaged tertile°

19 (15, 23)

25 (22, 29)||

31 (28, 35)||

16 (13, 21)

24 (19, 29)||

32 (25, 40)||

Dual parent household

78 (73, 82)

56 (52, 60)

64 (60, 67)

94 (90, 96)

88 (84, 92)

86 (79, 90)

Lone parent household

20 (16, 25)

38 (35, 43)||

29 (26, 33)||

5 (3, 8)*

11 (7, 15)*

12 (8, 19)*

Not crowded household

52 (46, 57)

40 (36, 44)

21 (18, 24)

34 (29, 39)

17 (13, 22)

16 (11, 22)

Crowded household

41 (36, 46)

50 (46, 54)||

67 (63, 70)||

50 (45, 55)||

73 (67, 78)||

75 (68, 82)||

  1. ° Tertiles of 17 standard of living items; * Significantly (P < 0.05) lower than corresponding value for White UK, || significantly (P < 0.05) higher than corresponding value for White UK.