Effect of an individually tailored one-year energy balance programme on body weight, body composition and lifestyle in recent retirees: a cluster randomised controlled trial

Werkman, Andrea; Hulshof, Paul JM; Stafleu, Annette; Kremers, Stef PJ; Kok, Frans J; Schouten, Evert G; Schuit, Albertine J

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-110

Table 2 Change and treatment effect for body composition in men after A) 12 and B) 24 months follow-up

From: Effect of an individually tailored one-year energy balance programme on body weight, body composition and lifestyle in recent retirees: a cluster randomised controlled trial

A)	Baseline		Follow-up at 12 months
			Change		Treatment effect^†	d ^‡
	intervention	control	intervention	control
Number	174	178	166	169
WC^a (cm)	99.2 ± 9.5	100.4 ± 9.2	-2.32 ± 3.24**	-1.9 ± 3.06**	-0.48 (-1.16;0.2)	-0.13
BW^a (kg)	85.1 ± 11.9	86.1 ± 11.4	-1.86 ± 3.08**	-1.62 ± 3.03**	-0.28 (-0.97;0.42)	-0.08
BMI^a (kg/m²)	26.7 ± 3.6	27.3 ± 3.1	-0.49 ± 1.01**	-0.43 ± 0.98**	-0.07 (-0.29;0.15)	-0.06
HC^a (cm)	101.9 ± 5.4	102.2 ± 5.3	-1.74 ± 1.70**	-1.53 ± 1.88**	-0.24 (-0.66;0.17)	-0.12
TC^a (cm)	56.8 ± 3.6	57.0 ± 3.3	-1.32 ± 1.49**	-1.15 ± 1.76**	-0.17 (-0.55;0.22)	-0.10
SagD^a (cm)	21.8 ± 2.7	22.3 ± 3.0	-1.07 ± 1.42**	-1.17 ± 1.77**	-0.01 (-0.33;0.31)	0.06
CC^a (cm)	38.8 ± 2.7	39.1 ± 2.3	-0.93 ± 1.08**	-0.85 ± 0.81**	-0.09 (-0.30;0.12)	-0.08
AC^a (cm)	32.6 ± 2.6	32.8 ± 2.5	-0.73 ± 1.15**	-0.59 ± 1.01**	-0.15 (-0.38;0.08)	-0.13
SBP^a (mmHg)	142.7 ± 16.8	145.6 ± 17.9	-6.50 ± 9.93**	-4.59 ± 12.45	-2.36 (-4.72;0.01)	-0.17
DBP^a (mmHg)	86.1 ± 10.1	86.1 ± 8.9	-4.03 ± 6.62**	-2.79 ± 7.23**	-1.25 (-2.66;0.15)	-0.18
TBF^a (%)	30.4 ± 4.5	30.6 ± 4.7	-0.26 ± 2.23	-0.31 ± 4.13	0.02 (-0.68;0.72)	0.02
B)	Baseline		Follow-up at 24 months
			Change		Treatment effect ^†
	intervention	control	intervention	control
Number	174	178	147	154
WC^a (cm)	99.2 ± 9.5	100.4 ± 9.2	-1.06 ± 3.48**	-1.08 ± 3.60**	-0.10 (-0.82;0.79)	0.01
BW^a (kg)	85.1 ± 11.9	86.1 ± 11.4	-1.47 ± 3.66**	-1.58 ± 3.96*	0.10 (-0.77;0.97)	0.03
BMI^a (kg/m²)	26.7 ± 3.6	27.3 ± 3.1	-0.37 ± 1.12**	-0.40 ± 1.29*	0.02 (-0.27;0.30)	0.02
HC^a (cm)	101.9 ± 5.4	102.2 ± 5.3	-1.00 ± 1.88**	-0.82 ± 2.29**	-0.18 (-0.69;0.32)	-0.09
TC^a (cm)	56.8 ± 3.6	57.0 ± 3.3	-0.77 ± 1.54**	-0.67 ± 2.05**	-0.08 (-0.54;0.36)	-0.06
SagD^a (cm)	21.8 ± 2.7	22.3 ± 3.0	-0.52 ± 1.50**	-0.83 ± 2.06**	0.22 (-0.19;0.62)	0.17
CC^a (cm)	38.8 ± 2.7	39.1 ± 2.3	-0.43 ± 0.88**	-0.41 ± 0.96**	-0.04 (-0.27;0.20)	-0.02
AC^a (cm)	32.6 ± 2.6	32.8 ± 2.5	-0.47 ± 1.22**	-0.42 ± 1.13**	-0.06 (-0.33;0.21)	-0.04
SBP^a (mmHg)	142.7 ± 16.8	145.6 ± 17.9	-4.19 ± 12.03**	-4.57 ± 14.68*	-0.29 (-3.24;2.69)	0.03
DBP^a (mmHg)	86.1 ± 10.1	86.1 ± 8.9	-2.89 ± 7.86**	-2.54 ± 7.21**	-0.38 (-1.98;1.21)	-0.05
TBF^a (%)	30.4 ± 4.5	30.6 ± 4.7	0.08 ± 2.49	-0.26 ± 2.80	0.32 (-0.30;0.94)	0.13

^aWC = waist circumference, BW = body weight, BMI = Body Mass Index, HC = hip circumference, TC = thigh circumference, SagD = sagittal diameter, CC = calf circumference. AC = arm circumference, SBP = systolic blood pressure, DBP = diastolic blood pressure, TBF = total body fat. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation unless stated otherwise. *p < 0.05 and *p < 0.0001 for within-group-changes. ^† Estimates for treatment effect (95% confidence interval) reflect the between-group-difference and are adjusted for baseline measurements and cluster randomisation. ^‡ Cohen's d. Small: d ≤ 0.33; Medium: 0.33 <d < 0.55; Large: d ≥ 0.56.

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