Influence of a lifestyle intervention in preschool children on physiological and psychological parameters (Ballabeina): study design of a cluster randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Overview of the questionnaires:

General Health Questionnaire	Food frequency questionnaire (adapted from [67–69])
• PA and participation in sports clubs of the child and the family [73]	• Nutritional behavior (i.e. if and where (i.e. home, day care) the meals were eaten, eating while watching television, eating alone)
• media use and sleep duration [74] of the child and its siblings	• Intake of 15 different categories of food during the last 4 weeks (subdivided into nutriments)
• General health of the family members
• Parental height and weight
• Socioeconomic data (i.e. education, origin, nationality and cultural integration)
• health-related quality of life (HRQOL)* [70] • presence of a hyperactive behavior with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)** [71]

* HRQOL was measured by the German version of the PedsQL 4.0TM (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory) Generic Core Scales (U.S. Copyright Registration No. TXu 856-101) with a parent proxy-report, containing four scales (Physical, Emotional, Social, School) and 23 items. The psychometric properties of the PedsQL 4.0TM justify application in a healthy child population [70]. ** The presence of hyperactive behaviour was evaluated with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) [71]. The parent proxy-form comprised the hyperactivity/inattention scale consisting of five items. Validity has been demonstrated in healthy children and adolescents [72].

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