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Health policies, systems and management in low and middle-income countries

Section edited by Ariadne Kapetanaki.

This section aims to publish studies looking at the impact of health policies, practices and interventions on communities in low and middle-income countries.

Page 1 of 8

  1. The Chinese government has been strengthening the primary care system since the launch of the New Healthcare System Reform in 2009. Among all endeavors, the most obvious and significant improvement lays in mat...

    Authors: Mengping Zhou, Luwen Zhang, Nan Hu and Li Kuang

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:1093

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  2. The incidence of maternal mortality remains unacceptably high in developing countries. Ethiopia has developed many strategies to reduce maternal and child mortality by encouraging institutional delivery servic...

    Authors: Yebelay Berelie, Dawit Yeshiwas, Leltework Yismaw and Muluneh Alene

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:1077

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Access to sexual and reproductive health services continues to be a public health concern in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia: use of modern contraceptives is low, and unmet family planning needs and materna...

    Authors: Gaby I. Ooms, Denis Kibira, Tim Reed, Hendrika A. van den Ham, Aukje K. Mantel-Teeuwisse and Gemma Buckland-Merrett

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:1053

    Content type: Research article

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  4. A recent community-based disease management (CBDM) pilot study reported a 20.5% prevalence of hypertension and a 0.5 and 3.6% prevalence of stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD), respectively, in an elderly ...

    Authors: Yang Li, Cai Minzhang, Ma Minghui, Huang Xinmiao, Liu Laixin, Wang Bei, Zhu Weihai, Zhe Wei, Guan Yumei, Thitima Kongnakorn, Ying Xiao, Siyang Peng, David Hughes, Naranjargal Dashdorj and Thomas Hach

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:1034

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Suicide is a serious global public health problem, with more than 800,000 people dying by suicide worldwide every year. 79% of suicides happen in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), where lack of national...

    Authors: Anila Anjum, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Nousheen Akber Pradhan, Murad Khan and Rozina Karmaliani

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:991

    Content type: Research article

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  6. With the rapid increase in magnitude and mortality of cancer, which is costly disease to manage, several patients particularly in developing countries are facing a huge financial burden. The study aimed to exa...

    Authors: Gebremicheal Gebreslassie Kasahun, Gebremedhin Beedemariam Gebretekle, Yohannes Hailemichael, Aynalem Abraha Woldemariam and Teferi Gedif Fenta

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:984

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Access to primary healthcare is crucial for the delivery of Kenya’s universal health coverage policy. However, disparities in healthcare have proved to be the biggest challenge for implementing primary care in...

    Authors: Peter O. Otieno, Elvis O. A. Wambiya, Shukri M. Mohamed, Martin Kavao Mutua, Peter M. Kibe, Bonventure Mwangi and Hermann Pythagore Pierre Donfouet

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:981

    Content type: Research article

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  8. The help-seeking interval and primary-care interval are points of delays in breast cancer presentation. To inform future intervention targeting early diagnosis of breast cancer, we described the contribution o...

    Authors: Olayide Agodirin, Samuel Olatoke, Ganiyu Rahman, Julius Olaogun, Olalekan Olasehinde, Aba Katung, Oladapo Kolawole, Omobolaji Ayandipo, Amarachukwu Etonyeaku, Olufemi Habeeb, Ademola Adeyeye, John Agboola, Halimat Akande, Soliu Oguntola, Olusola Akanbi and Oluwafemi Fatudimu

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:962

    Content type: Research article

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  9. A national Publicly Funded Health Insurance (PFHI) scheme called Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogaya Yojana (PMJAY) was launched by government of India in 2018. PMJAY seeks to cover 500 million persons with an annual c...

    Authors: Samir Garg, Kirtti Kumar Bebarta and Narayan Tripathi

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:949

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Primary Health Care (PHC) was introduced as the first level of health services delivery after Alma-Ata declaration. However, after forty years, it needs to be more trustful to achieve its predefined objectives...

    Authors: Homayoun Sadeghi Bazargani, Mohammad Saadati, Jafar Sadegh Tabrizi, Mostafa Farahbakhsh and Mina Golestani

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:942

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Although some healthcare reforms such as Health Transformation Plan (HTP) were implemented in Iran to provide required healthcare services, few studies have been conducted to track the impacts of these reforms...

    Authors: Sajad Vahedi, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Mostafa Amini-Rarani, Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi, Ardeshir Khosravi and Aziz Rezapour

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:929

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Intersectoral actions (ISA) are a recognized relationship between the health sector and other sectors to improve health outcomes. Although a frequent topic in public health studies, evidence for systematic eva...

    Authors: Natalia Botero-Tovar, Gina Paola Arocha Zuluaga and Andrea Ramírez Varela

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:925

    Content type: Research article

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  13. Leishmaniasis is a notifiable disease in Sri Lanka since 2008. Previous studies show a gap in the notification of leishmaniasis. The purpose of the present study was to determine the Knowledge, attitudes and p...

    Authors: Chandana Hewawasam, Hema S. Weerakoon, Vyshnavi Thilakan, Tishni Lelwala, Kalana Prasanka, A. S. Rathnayaka, Shanika Gamage and Suneth Agampodi

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:913

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Timely vaccination is key to prevent unnecessary childhood mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases. Despite the substantial efforts to improve vaccination completeness, the effort towards timeliness of vac...

    Authors: Zeleke Abebaw Mekonnen, Kassahun Alemu Gelaye, Martin C. Were and Binyam Tilahun

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:908

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Bottom-up approaches to disparity reduction present a departure from traditional service models where health services are traditionally delivered top-down. Raphael, a novel bottom-up social incubator, was deve...

    Authors: Sivan Spitzer-Shohat, Jumanah Essa-Hadad and Mary CJ Rudolf

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:898

    Content type: Correspondence

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  16. The dynamic intersection of a pluralistic health system, large informal sector, and poor regulatory environment have provided conditions favourable for ‘corruption’ in the LMICs of south and south-east Asia re...

    Authors: Nahitun Naher, Roksana Hoque, Muhammad Shaikh Hassan, Dina Balabanova, Alayne M. Adams and Syed Masud Ahmed

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:880

    Content type: Research article

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    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Public Health 2020 20:1082

  17. Epilepsy is a severe neurological disorder with huge psychological, social, and economic consequences, including premature deaths and loss of productivity. Sub-Saharan Africa carries the highest burden of epil...

    Authors: Joseph Kamgno, Jules B. Tchatchueng-Mbougua, Hugues C. Nana-Djeunga, Lynda Esso, Honorat G. Zouré, Charles D. Mackenzie and Michel Boussinesq

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:871

    Content type: Research article

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  18. Empirical evidence suggests that the uptake of maternal and child health (MCH) services is still low in poor rural areas of China. There is concern that this low uptake may detrimentally affect child health ou...

    Authors: Huan Zhou, Yuju Wu, Chengfang Liu, Chang Sun, Yaojiang Shi, Linxiu Zhang, Alexis Medina and Scott Rozelle

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:870

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Life expectancy among persons living with HIV (PLWH) has improved with increasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), however incidence of chronic comorbidities has simultaneously increased. No data are av...

    Authors: Hongwei Fan, Fuping Guo, Evelyn Hsieh, Wei-Ti Chen, Wei Lv, Yang Han, Jing Xie, Yanling Li, Xiaojing Song and Taisheng Li

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:834

    Content type: Research article

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  20. People with disabilities experience significant health inequalities. In Malawi, where most individuals live in low-income rural settings, many of these inequalities are exacerbated by restricted access to heal...

    Authors: Josephine A. K. Harrison, Rachael Thomson, Hastings T. Banda, Grace B. Mbera, Stefanie Gregorius, Berthe Stenberg and Tim Marshall

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:833

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Epidemiological transition in high HIV-burden settings is resulting in a rise in HIV/NCD multimorbidity. The majority of NCD risk behaviours start during adolescence, making this an important target group for ...

    Authors: Monika Kamkuemah, Blessings Gausi and Tolu Oni

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:821

    Content type: Research article

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  22. The One-Child Policy led to the imbalance of the sex ratio at birth (SRB) in China. After that, Two-Child Policy was introduced and gradually liberalized at three stages. If both the husband and wife of one co...

    Authors: S. L. Fan, C. N. Xiao, Y. K. Zhang, Y. L. Li, X. L. Wang and L. Wang

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:789

    Content type: Research article

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  23. A Zika virus (ZIKV) infection outbreak occurred in Brazil in 2015, accompanied by a marked increase in the number of newborns presenting with microcephaly and other neurological disorders. This characteristic ...

    Authors: Cláudia Du Bocage Santos-Pinto, Daniele de Almeida Soares-Marangoni, Fernando Pierette Ferrari, Maria Elizabeth Araújo Ajalla, Fabio Antonio Venancio, Thais Silveira da Rosa and Everton Falcão de Oliveira

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:762

    Content type: Research article

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  24. The maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is an important indicator of maternal health and socioeconomic development. Although China has experienced a large decline in MMR, substantial disparities across regions are ...

    Authors: Xinyu Zhang, Yingfeng Ye, Chaowei Fu, Guanshen Dou, Xiaohua Ying, Mengcen Qian and Shenglan Tang

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:758

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Delay in tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis is one of the first obstacles for controlling the disease. Delays generate greater deterioration of the health of the patients and increase the possibilities of transmissio...

    Authors: Iader Rodríguez-Márquez, Fernando Montes, Luz D. Upegui, Nilton Montoya, Nelly E. Vargas, Abelardo Rojas, Gloria C. Valencia, Claudia M. Álvarez, Leonardo Uribe and Jesús Ochoa

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:757

    Content type: Research article

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  26. Indian medical education system is on the brink of a massive reform. The government of India has recently passed the National Medical Commission Bill (NMC Bill). It seeks to eliminate the existing shortage and...

    Authors: Yogesh Sabde, Vishal Diwan, Vijay K. Mahadik, Vivek Parashar, Himanshu Negandhi, Tanwi Trushna and Sanjay Zodpey

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:755

    Content type: Research article

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  27. High prevalence of falsified, counterfeit and substandard medicines pose a threat to public health and treatment failure. This study aimed to investigate the quality of selected essential medicines available i...

    Authors: Daariimaa Khurelbat, Gereltuya Dorj, Bruce Sunderland, Tsetsegmaa Sanjjav, Enkhtuul Bayarsaikhan, Davaadagva Damdinjav, Gantuya Dorj, Altantuya Jigjidsuren, Oyun Lkhagvasuren and Baasandorj Erdenetsetseg

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:743

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Paediatric, pedestrian road traffic injuries (PPRTIs) constitute a major cause of premature death in Iran. Identification of high-risk areas would be the primary step in designing policy intervention for PPRTI...

    Authors: Hamidreza Shabanikiya, Soheil Hashtarkhani, Robert Bergquist, Nasser Bagheri, Reza VafaeiNejad, Malihe Amiri-Gholanlou, Toktam Akbari and Behzad Kiani

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:722

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Four million people living in the Indian Sundarbans region in the state of West Bengal face a particularly high risk of drowning due to rurality, presence of open water, lack of accessible health systems and p...

    Authors: M. Gupta, A. B. Zwi and J. Jagnoor

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:704

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  30. TB remains a major global health problem. It is particularly prevalent in prisons in sub-Saharan Africa due to overcrowding, malnutrition, high HIV prevalence and insufficient medical services. Prisoners have ...

    Authors: Victor Singano, Esther Kip, Wilson Ching’ani and Lawrence Chiwaula

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:700

    Content type: Research article

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  31. Differentiated models of care (DMOC) are used to make antiretroviral therapy (ART) accessible to people living with HIV (PLHIV). In Malawi, Lighthouse Trust has piloted various DMOCs aimed at providing quality...

    Authors: Odala Sande, Doris Burtscher, Daneck Kathumba, Hannock Tweya, Sam Phiri and Salem Gugsa

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:685

    Content type: Research article

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  32. China has the world’s largest lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population. This study assessed the discrimination experienced by LGBT individuals in China in a comprehensive way, covering discrim...

    Authors: Yuanyuan Wang, Zhishan Hu, Ke Peng, Joanne Rechdan, Yuan Yang, Lijuan Wu, Ying Xin, Jiahui Lin, Zhizhou Duan, Xuequan Zhu, Yi Feng, Shitao Chen, Jianjun Ou and Runsen Chen

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:669

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) are the leading cause of death in the Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs) accounting for approximately 70% of mortalities. Pacific leaders committed to take action ...

    Authors: Si Thu Win Tin, Ilisapeci Kubuabola, Amerita Ravuvu, Wendy Snowdon, A. Mark Durand, Paula Vivili and Erin Passmore

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:660

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Caregivers of children with cerebral palsy suffer from a substantial psychosocial burden. However, there is a scarcity of documentation of the various sources of burden in low- and middle-income settings.

    Authors: K. Vadivelan, P. Sekar, S. Shri Sruthi and Vijayaprasad Gopichandran

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:645

    Content type: Research article

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  35. In China, ethnic minorities often live in frontier areas and have a relatively small population size, and tremendous social transitions have enlarged the gap between eastern and western China, with western Chi...

    Authors: Y. J. Wang, X. P. Chen, W. J. Chen, Z. L. Zhang, Y. P. Zhou and Z. Jia

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:637

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  37. Integrated disease surveillance and response (IDSR) is the strategy adopted for public health surveillance in Nigeria. IDSR has been operational in Nigeria since 2001 but the functionality varies from state to...

    Authors: Luka Mangveep Ibrahim, Mary Stephen, Ifeanyi Okudo, Samuel Mutbam Kitgakka, Ibrahim Njida Mamadu, Isha Fatma Njai, Saliu Oladele, Sadiq Garba, Olubunmi Ojo, Chikwe Ihekweazu, Clement Lugala Peter Lasuba, Ali Ahmed Yahaya, Peter Nsubuga and Wondimagegnehu Alemu

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:600

    Content type: Research article

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  38. In China, some medicines had a supply problem. In 2015, to address this problem, the Chinese government issued a policy to raise the price cap for some shorted low-cost medicines (LCMs). The objective was to a...

    Authors: Xuejing Rong, Jia Yin, Shuoyun Duan, Qiang Sun and Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:588

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  39. The causal relationship between high-risk (hr) HPV infection and precancerous lesions or cervical cancer has led to the development of strategies to increase screening performance and prevent this cancer. The ...

    Authors: Julio Cesar Teixeira, Diama Bhadra Vale, Joana Froes Bragança, Cirbia Silva Campos, Michelle Garcia Discacciati and Luiz Carlos Zeferino

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:576

    Content type: Study protocol

    Published on:

  40. Examining various problems after disasters is important for the affected people. Managing humanitarian aid and donations among the affected people is considered as one of the most important problems after disa...

    Authors: Hamid Safarpour, Saeideh Fooladlou, Meysam Safi-Keykaleh, Somayyeh Mousavipour, Davoud Pirani, Ali Sahebi, Hassan Ghodsi, Iman Farahi-Ashtiani and Arezoo Dehghani

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:563

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  41. Government of India is introducing new and relatively costly vaccines under immunization program. Monitoring of vaccine wastage is needed to guide the program implementation and forecasting. Under pilot introd...

    Authors: Manoja Kumar Das, Mangla Sood, Muralidhar Parashuram Tambe, Thakur Dutt Sharma, Malangori Abdul Gani Parande, Jitendra Bhaskar Surwade, Nandakumar Manikrao Salunkhe, Shital Somsing Patil, Bhagwan Pawar, Rajesh Guleri, Chitra Kaushal and Monica Sindhu

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:556

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  42. Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC) have remained plagued with the burden of severe acute malnutrition (SAM). The decomposition of the educational inequalities in SAM across individual, household and neigh...

    Authors: A. F. Fagbamigbe, N. B. Kandala and O. A. Uthman

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:555

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  43. In 2014, a revision of the national medical tariffs for inpatient health care services took place in Iran, and a new hotline was set up to report informal payments. It was expected that such measures would eli...

    Authors: Leila Doshmangir, Haniye Sadat Sajadi, Maryam Ghiasipour, Ali Aboutorabi and Vladimir Sergeevich Gordeev

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:539

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Public Health 2020 20:781

  44. Indonesia shoulders a significant tobacco burden, with almost two million cases of tobacco-related illnesses and more than two hundred thousand tobacco-related deaths annually. Indonesian tobacco control is pr...

    Authors: Putu Ayu Swandewi Astuti, Mary Assunta and Becky Freeman

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:527

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  45. The Chinese government has begun to dampen the growth of health expenditure by implementing Global Budgets (GB). Concerns were raised about whether reductions in expenditure would lead to a deterioration of qu...

    Authors: Xiaodong Guan, Chi Zhang, Huajie Hu and Luwen Shi

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:522

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  46. Weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) and Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) are both commonly used as acute malnutrition screening criteria. However, there exists disparity between the groups identified as malnouri...

    Authors: Eunyong Ahn, Cyprian Ouma, Mesfin Loha, Asrat Dibaba, Wendy Dyment, Jaekwang Kim, Nam Seon Beck and Taesung Park

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:511

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  47. Eighty per cent of perinatally HIV infected (PHI) adolescents live in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA), a setting also characterized by huge economic disparities. Caregiving is crucial to the management of chronic ill...

    Authors: Patrick V. Katana, Amina Abubakar, Moses K. Nyongesa, Derrick Ssewanyana, Paul Mwangi, Charles R. Newton and Julie Jemutai

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:504

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  48. Screening for sexually transmitted infection (STI) especially HIV as early detection and treatment have been financially supported under the Thai Universal Coverage (UC) scheme since 2009 (THB140 for HIV). How...

    Authors: Orawan Anunsittichai, Krit Pongpirul, Thanyawee Puthanakit, Koranit Roowicha, Jirarat Kaewprasert, Wipaporn Natalie Songtaweesin and Surasith Chaithongwongwattana

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:480

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  49. Recruiting of sufficient numbers of donors of blood products is vital worldwide. In this study we assessed the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of telephone calls and SMS reminders for re-recruitment of inactiv...

    Authors: Jian Ou-Yang, Chun-Hua Bei, Hua-Qin Liang, Bo He, Jin-Yan Chen and Yong-Shui Fu

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:475

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

  50. Since March 2014, the quadrivalent HPV vaccine has been incorporated into the Brazilian Unified Health Care System and began to be offered, without direct costs, for girls from 9 to 13 years of age. Older fema...

    Authors: Alexandre Faisal-Cury, Renata Bertazzi Levy, Maria Fernanda Tourinho, Alexandre Grangeiro and José Eluf-Neto

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2020 20:458

    Content type: Research article

    Published on:

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