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Biostatistics and methods

This section aims to publish studies looking at statistical models and methods and their application to problems of human health and disease.

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  1. Thyroid cancer has been rapidly rising in incidence in Canada; however, in contrast, lung cancer appears to be decreasing in incidence in Canadian men and stable in women. Moreover, disease-related mortality r...

    Authors: Patrick Brown, Hedy Jiang, Shereen Ezzat and Anna M. Sawka

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:950

    Content type: Research article

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  2. The distribution of birth intervals can be used to draw attention to important characteristics of dynamics of fertility process. The main objective of this paper is to examine the effects of socioeconomic, dem...

    Authors: Jahidur Rahman Khan, Wasimul Bari and A. H. M. Mahbub Latif

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:934

    Content type: Research Article

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    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Public Health 2016 16:1088

  4. Long-term multicentre studies are subject to numerous factors that may affect the integrity of their conclusions. Quality control and standardization of data collection are crucial to minimise the biases induc...

    Authors: Fabrice Ruiz, Marcel Goldberg, Sylvie Lemonnier, Anna Ozguler, Evelyne Boos, Alain Brigand, Violaine Giraud, Thierry Perez, Nicolas Roche and Marie Zins

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:877

    Content type: Research article

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  6. In Spain, several ecological studies have analyzed trends in socioeconomic inequalities in mortality from all causes in urban areas over time. However, the results of these studies are quite heterogeneous find...

    Authors: Marc Marí-Dell’Olmo, Mercè Gotsens, Laia Palència, Maica Rodríguez-Sanz, Miguel A. Martinez-Beneito, Mónica Ballesta, Montse Calvo, Lluís Cirera, Antonio Daponte, Felicitas Domínguez-Berjón, Ana Gandarillas, Natividad Izco Goñi, Carmen Martos, Conchi Moreno-Iribas, Andreu Nolasco, Diego Salmerón…

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:663

    Content type: Research article

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  7. Different analytical techniques have been used to study the determinants of overweight. However, certain commonly used techniques may be limited by the continuous nature and skewed distribution of body mass in...

    Authors: Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol, Raquel Martins Lana, Renata Cabrelli, Leonardo Soares Bastos, Aline Araújo Nobre, Lúcia Rotenberg and Rosane Härter Griep

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:642

    Content type: Research article

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  8. The purpose of this study is to propose the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operators procedure (LASSO) as an alternative to conventional variable selection models, as it allows for easy interpretation ...

    Authors: Susanne Mueller-Using, Torsten Feldt, Fred Stephen Sarfo and Kirsten Alexandra Eberhardt

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:563

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Influenza is rarely confirmed with laboratory testing and accurate assessment of the overall burden of influenza is difficult. We used statistical modelling methods to generate updated, granular estimates of t...

    Authors: Gonçalo Matias, Robert J. Taylor, François Haguinet, Cynthia Schuck-Paim, Roger L. Lustig and Douglas M. Fleming

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:481

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Alcohol-related harm is a major global health issue, and controls on alcohol marketing are one intervention utilized by governments. This study investigated the use of Google Street View (GSV) as a novel resea...

    Authors: Chris Clews, Roza Brajkovich-Payne, Emily Dwight, Ayob Ahmad Fauzul, Madeleine Burton, Olivia Carleton, Julie Cook, Charlotte Deroles, Ruby Faulkner, Mary Furniss, Anahera Herewini, Daymen Huband, Nerissa Jones, Cho Wool Kim, Alice Li, Jacky Lu…

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:442

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Improving knowledge about influenza transmission is crucial to upgrade surveillance network and to develop accurate predicting models to enhance public health intervention strategies. Epidemics usually occur i...

    Authors: Marion Roussel, Dominique Pontier, Jean-Marie Cohen, Bruno Lina and David Fouchet

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:441

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Estimates of the burden of disease caused by a particular agent are used to assist in making policy and prioritizing actions. Most estimations have employed the attributable fraction approach, which estimates ...

    Authors: Lin Fritschi, Jayzii Chan, Sally J. Hutchings, Tim R. Driscoll, Adrian Y. W. Wong and Renee N. Carey

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:386

    Content type: Technical advance

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  13. It is important to screen for alcohol consumption and drinking customs in a standardized manner. The aim of this study was 1) to investigate whether the AUDIT score is useful for predicting hazardous drinking ...

    Authors: Hideki Fujii, Naoki Nishimoto, Seiko Yamaguchi, Osamu Kurai, Masato Miyano, Wataru Ueda, Hiroko Oba, Tetsuya Aoki, Norifumi Kawada and Kiyotaka Okawa

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:379

    Content type: Research article

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  14. The lifestyles of family caregivers pose risks to their physical, mental and social health. The capability to stay healthy may be protective in the context of poor socioeconomic conditions and risk behaviours,...

    Authors: Barbara Bucki, Elisabeth Spitz, Anne-Marie Etienne, Etienne Le Bihan and Michèle Baumann

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:364

    Content type: Research article

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  15. To determine the clinical effectiveness of statins on cardiovascular mortality in practice, observational studies are needed. Control for confounding is essential in any observational study. Falsification end-...

    Authors: Maarten J. Bijlsma, Stijn Vansteelandt, Fanny Janssen and Eelko Hak

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:303

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Both adolescent substance use and adolescent depression are major public health problems, and have the tendency to co-occur. Thousands of articles on adolescent substance use or depression have been published....

    Authors: Shi-Heng Wang, Yijun Ding, Weizhong Zhao, Yung-Hsiang Huang, Roger Perkins, Wen Zou and James J. Chen

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:279

    Content type: Research article

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  17. In order to begin to address the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in sub-Saharan Africa, high quality community-based epidemiological studies from the region are urgently needed. Cluster-designed sam...

    Authors: John W. Stanifer, Joseph R Egger, Elizabeth L. Turner, Nathan Thielman and Uptal D. Patel

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:226

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Obesity is a world-wide epidemic whose prevalence is underestimated by BMI measurements, but CUN-BAE (Clínica Universidad de Navarra - Body Adiposity Estimator) estimates the percentage of body fat (BF) while ...

    Authors: Vicente Martín, Verónica Dávila-Batista, Jesús Castilla, Pere Godoy, Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez, Nuria Soldevila, Antonio J. Molina, Tania Fernandez-Villa, Jenaro Astray, Ady Castro, Fernando González-Candelas, José María Mayoral, José María Quintana and Angela Domínguez

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:82

    Content type: Research article

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  20. To improve understanding of the pathophysiology of hypertension in adolescents and pave the way for risk stratification, studies have sought to determine the correlates of blood pressure (BP). Inconsistencies ...

    Authors: Ashley L. Devonshire, Erin R. Hager, Maureen M. Black, Marie Diener-West, Nicholas Tilton and Soren Snitker

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:78

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Construction workers in South Africa are regarded as a high-risk group in the context of HIV/AIDS. HIV testing is pivotal to controlling HIV transmission and providing palliative care and AIDS-related knowledg...

    Authors: Paul Bowen, Rajen Govender and Peter Edwards

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:70

    Content type: Research article

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  22. There is limited availability of context-specific physical activity questionnaires in low and middle income countries. The aim of this study was to develop and examine the validity of a new Indian physical act...

    Authors: Mika Matsuzaki, Ruth Sullivan, Ulf Ekelund, KV Radha Krishna, Bharati Kulkarni, Tim Collier, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Sanjay Kinra and Hannah Kuper

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:48

    Content type: Research article

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  23. The exponential increase in health-related online platforms has made the Internet one of the main sources of health information globally. The quality of health contents disseminated on the Internet has been a ...

    Authors: Gabriele Sak, Nicola Diviani, Ahmed Allam and Peter J. Schulz

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2016 16:38

    Content type: Research article

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  25. The methods currently available to estimate age- and sex-specific mortality rates for sub-populations are subject to a number of important limitations. We propose two alternative multivariable approaches: a re...

    Authors: Bernard Rachet, Camille Maringe, Laura M. Woods, Libby Ellis, Devon Spika and Claudia Allemani

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:1240

    Content type: Technical advance

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  26. Lived health and biological health are two different perspectives of health introduced by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Since in the concept of lived health the ...

    Authors: Cristina Bostan, Cornelia Oberhauser, Gerold Stucki, Jerome Bickenbach and Alarcos Cieza

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:508

    Content type: Research article

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  27. Health literacy, or the ability to access, understand, appraise and apply health information, is central to individuals’ health and well-being. A comprehensive, concept-based measure of most dimensions of heal...

    Authors: Kazuhiro Nakayama, Wakako Osaka, Taisuke Togari, Hirono Ishikawa, Yuki Yonekura, Ai Sekido and Masayoshi Matsumoto

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:505

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Accelerometry non-wear time rules might affect sedentary time, and the associations with health outcomes such as adiposity. However, the exact effect of different non-wear time rules on sedentary time and repo...

    Authors: Xanne Janssen, Laura Basterfield, Kathryn N. Parkinson, Mark S. Pearce, Jessica K. Reilly, Ashley J. Adamson and John J. Reilly

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:504

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Though numbers alone may be insufficient to capture the nuances of population health, they provide a common language of appraisal and furnish clear evidence of disparities and inequalities. Over the past 30 ye...

    Authors: Richard Rothenberg, Christine Stauber, Scott Weaver, Dajun Dai, Amit Prasad and Megumi Kano

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:494

    Content type: Review

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  30. Behaviour risk factor surveillance (BRFS) data can be an important source of information for studying changes in various health outcomes and risk factors. Results obtained from surveillance data analysis are v...

    Authors: Shireen Assaf and Stefano Campostrini

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:489

    Content type: Research Article

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  31. Other forms of tobacco use are increasing in prevalence, yet most tobacco control efforts are aimed at cigarettes. In light of this, it is important to identify individuals who are using both cigarettes and al...

    Authors: Yang Lei, Nikki Nollen, Jasjit S Ahluwahlia, Qing Yu and Matthew S Mayo

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:341

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Traditional linear regression analyses have detected increasing trends in the incidence of overweight/obesity among both genders in China. However, these previous regression analyses were limited in their abil...

    Authors: Yifei Ouyang, Huijun Wang, Chang Su, Zhihong Wang, Yiqi Song, Yingting Xiao, Wenwen Du and Bing Zhang

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:278

    Content type: Research article

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  33. The risk of a child dying before reaching five years of age is highest in Sub-Saharan African countries. But Child mortality rates have shown substantial decline in Ethiopia. It is important to identify factor...

    Authors: Dawit G Ayele, Temesgen T Zewotir and Henry G Mwambi

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:268

    Content type: Research article

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  34. The relationship between social capital and self-rated health has been documented in many developed compared to developing countries. Because social capital and health play important roles in development, it m...

    Authors: Yan Kwan Lau and John E Ataguba

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:266

    Content type: Research article

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  35. In recent years publications have called for increased use of administrative data for research; predicted that use would rise; and discussed possible ethical parameters for that use. This paper describes the n...

    Authors: Lucy F Telfar Barnard, Michael G Baker, Simon Hales and Philippa Howden-Chapman

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:246

    Content type: Research article

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  36. The Tanzanian Government started scaling up its antiretroviral treatment (ART) program from referral, regional and district hospitals to primary health care facilities in October 2004. In 2010, most ART clinic...

    Authors: Francis Levira, Abela Mpobela Agnarson, Honorati Masanja, Basia Zaba, Anna Mia Ekström and Anna Thorson

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:195

    Content type: Research article

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  37. Smoking prevalence varies over time and place due to various social, environmental and policy influences. However, its spatio-temporal patterns at small-area level are poorly understood. This paper attempts to...

    Authors: Gang Meng, K Stephen Brown and Mary E Thompson

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:182

    Content type: Research article

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  38. Psychosocial stress at work has been recognised as one of the most important factors behind the increase in sick leave due to stress-related mental disorders. It is therefore important to be able to measure pe...

    Authors: Emina Hadzibajramovic, Gunnar Ahlborg Jr, Anna Grimby-Ekman and Åsa Lundgren-Nilsson

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:180

    Content type: Research article

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  39. Aggregated measures are often employed when prevalence, risk factors and consequences of alcohol use in the population are monitored. In order to avoid time-dependent bias in aggregated measures, reference per...

    Authors: Ann Kristin Knudsen and Jens Christoffer Skogen

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:172

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Emerging novel influenza outbreaks have increasingly been a threat to the public and a major concern of public health departments. Real-time data in seamless surveillance systems such as health insurance claim...

    Authors: Ta-Chien Chan, Yung-Chu Teng and Jing-Shiang Hwang

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:168

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Existing physical activity surveys have not been validated for use with low-income overweight and obese young mothers. This study aimed to validate the Pregnancy Infection and Nutrition 3 (PIN3) physical activ...

    Authors: Mei-Wei Chang, Derek Hales, Roger Brown, Dianne Ward, Ken Resnicow and Susan Nitzke

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:121

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Most projections of type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence are simply based on demographic change (i.e. ageing). We developed a model to predict future trends in T2D prevalence in Tunisia, explicitly taking into acc...

    Authors: Olfa Saidi, Martin O’Flaherty, Nadia Ben Mansour, Wafa Aissi, Olfa Lassoued, Simon Capewell, Julia A Critchley, Dhafer Malouche and Habiba Ben Romdhane

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:104

    Content type: Research article

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  44. A large number of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) outbreaks was reported during 2008 in China. However, little is known about the effects of meteorological conditions on different temporal and spatial scal...

    Authors: Yilan Liao, Renbin Ouyang, Jinfeng Wang and Bing Xu

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:71

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Self-report may not be an accurate method of determining cervical, breast and colorectal cancer screening rates due to recall, acquiescence and social desirability biases, particularly for certain sociodemogra...

    Authors: Aisha Lofters, Mandana Vahabi and Richard H Glazier

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:28

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Obesity is a major independent risk factor for chronic diseases such as hypertension and coronary diseases, it might not be only related to the amount of body fat but its distribution. The single body mass ind...

    Authors: Shukang Wang, Yanxun Liu, Fangyu Li, Hongying Jia, Longjian Liu and Fuzhong Xue

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2015 15:7

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Multimorbidity is highly prevalent in the elderly and relates to many adverse outcomes, such as higher mortality, increased disability and functional decline. Many studies tried to reduce the heterogeneity of ...

    Authors: Ingmar Schäfer, Hanna Kaduszkiewicz, Hans-Otto Wagner, Gerhard Schön, Martin Scherer and Hendrik van den Bussche

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:1285

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Although stigmatization has long been recognized as a major obstacle to HIV prevention. The lack of a valid and reliable measurement tool for stigmatization is a major gap in the research. This study aimed to:...

    Authors: Marianne Beaulieu, Alix Adrien, Louise Potvin and Clément Dassa

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:1246

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Accelerometers objectively assess physical activity (PA) and are currently used in several large-scale epidemiological studies, but there is no consensus for processing the data. This study compared the impact...

    Authors: Sarah Kozey Keadle, Eric J Shiroma, Patty S Freedson and I-Min Lee

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:1210

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Health literacy (HL) is seen as an increasingly relevant issue for global public health and requires a reliable and comprehensive operationalization. By now, there is limited evidence on how the development of...

    Authors: Sibel Vildan Altin, Isabelle Finke, Sibylle Kautz-Freimuth and Stephanie Stock

    Citation: BMC Public Health 2014 14:1207

    Content type: Research article

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