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Table 2 Characteristics of women with C-section delivery compared with those with normal delivery during the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods

From: An increase in cesarean section rate during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Iran

Characteristics

Pandemic period

N = 584,150

Pre-pandemic period

N = 624,521

Normal delivery

N = 307,188

CS delivery

N = 317,333

p-value

Normal delivery

N = 275,014

CS delivery

N = 309,136

p-value

N

%

N

%

N

%

N

%

Maternal age (year)

 ≤ 30

177,252

54.4

148,506

45.6

.001

202,314

56.4

156,417

43.6

.001

 > 30

97,762

37.8

160,630

62.2

104,874

39.5

160,916

60.5

Gestational age (week)

37–42

255,338

48.3

272,827

51.7

.001

284,990

50.4

280,020

49.6

.001

 < 37

18,997

34.6

35,947

65.4

21,469

36.8

36,933

63.2

 > 42

679

65.2

362

34.8

729

65.7

380

34.3

Parity

1

94,641

44.1

120,116

55.9

.001

101,414

44.5

126,357

55.5

.001

 ≥ 2

79,543

53.6

68,782

46.4

84,846

54.8

69,969

45.2

Abortion

0

221,764

48.5

235,184

51.5

.001

249,989

50.8

242,139

49.2

.001

 ≥ 1

53,250

41.9

73,952

58.1

57,199

43.2

75,194

56.8

Living children

0

104,127

45.6

124,284

54.4

.001

125,553

49.9

126,289

50.1

.001

1

94,344

44.1

119,729

55.9

100,821

44.6

125,129

55.4

 ≥ 2

76,543

54.0

65,123

46.0

80,814

55.1

65,915

44.9

Mother’s education

Illiterate

16,309

48.4

17,393

51.6

.001

23,869

69.7

10,377

30.3

.001

Primary education

76,562

46.9

86,523

53.1

58,547

62.2

35,519

37.8

Secondary education

104,062

46.6

119,314

53.4

168,104

50.9

162,395

49.1

Academic

78,081

47.6

85,906

52.4

56,668

34.2

109,042

65.8

Birth weight (gr)

 < 2500

17,990

36.6

31,215

63.4

.001

20,613

39.2

31,926

60.8

.001

2500–4000

249,416

48.3

267,153

51.7

278,784

50.4

274,795

49.6

 > 4000

7608

41.4

10,768

58.6

7785

42.3

10,612

57.7