Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population
Sample characteristics | Proportions% (N = 11,677) | % of LTPA (N = 2968) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender | Men | 56.12 (6553) | 64.35 (1910) |
Women | 43.88 (5124) | 35.65 (1058) | |
p-value < 0.001 | |||
Education | Middle school or less | 13.39 (1563) | 9.03 (268) |
High school | 33.12 (3868) | 30.15 (895) | |
Junior college | 18.69 (2183) | 17.62 (523) | |
Bachelor’s degree or more | 34.79 (4062) | 43.19 (1282) | |
Missing | 0.01 (1) | 0.00 (0) | |
p-value < 0.001 | |||
Smoking | Smoker | 27.19 (3175) | 26.04 (773) |
Smoked in the past | 6.75 (788) | 10.55 (313) | |
Never smoked | 66.04 (7712) | 63.41 (1882) | |
Missing | 0.02 (2) | 0.00(0) | |
p-value < 0.001 | |||
Alcohol | Consume alcohol | 67.65 (7900) | 71.66 (2127) |
Consumed alcohol in the past | 1.82 (212) | 2.32(69) | |
Never consumed alcohol | 30.51 (3563) | 26.01 (772) | |
Missing | 0.02 (2) | 0.00 (0) | |
p-value < 0.001 | |||
Self-reported health | Very good | 7.27 (849) | 8.19 (243) |
Good | 62.18 (7261) | 67.52 (2004) | |
Fair | 25.89 (3023) | 19.98 (593) | |
Bad | 4.26 (498) | 4.11 (122) | |
Very bad | 0.36 (42) | 0.17 (5) | |
Missing | 0.03 (4) | 0.03 (1) | |
p-value < 0.001 | |||
Marital status | Unmarried | 29.47 (3441) | 27.26 (809) |
Married | 62.89 (7344) | 66.17(1964) | |
Separated | 0.85 (99) | 0.57 (17) | |
Divorced | 4.14 (483) | 3.84 (114) | |
Widowed | 2.65 (310) | 2.16 (64) | |
Missing | 0.00 (0) | N/A | |
p-value < 0.001 | |||
Labor union | Yes | 14.21 (1659) | 20.25 (601) |
No | 82.86 (9675) | 77.26 (2293) | |
Don’t know | 2.94 (343) | 2.49 (74) | |
p-value < 0.001 | |||
Shift labor | Yes | 9.21 (1076) | 11.08 (329) |
No | 90.79 (10,601) | 88.92 (2639) | |
p < .001 | |||
Physical labor | No | 63.20 (7380) | 68.73 (2040) |
Yes | 36.80 (4297) | 31.27 (928) | |
p < .001 | |||
Part-time work | Yes | 70.17 (8194) | 75.64 (2245) |
No | 29.83 (3483) | 24.36 (723) | |
p-value < 0.001 | |||
Work at home | Yes | 0.92 (108) | 1.04 (31) |
No | 99.08 (11,569) | 98.96 (2937) | |
p = .112 | |||
Precarious Employment | Yes | 8.26 (964) | 5.26 (156) |
No | 91.74 (10,713) | 94.74 (2812) | |
p-value < 0.001 | |||
Fixed-term Employment | Yes | 29.83 (3483) | 24.36 (723) |
No | 70.17 (8194) | 75.64 (2245) | |
p-value = 0.002 | |||
Age < 25 | Yes | 11.43 (1335) | 13.17 (391) |
No | 88.57 (10,342) | 86.83 (2577) | |
p-value < 0.001 | < 25 | 29.10 (3398) | 31.50 (935) |
Working hours | 25‒44 | 53.15 (6206) | 53.64 (1592) |
45‒64 | 17.75 (2073) | 14.86 (441) | |
p-value < 0.001 | < 40 h per week | 50.67 (5917) | 52.63 (1562) |