Chronic disease management program applied to type 2 diabetes patients and prevention of diabetic complications: a retrospective cohort study using nationwide data

Table 4 Subgroup analysis of patients with high medication adherence (medication possession ratio ≥ 80)

Outcomes	Total (n = 3,388)				20–39 years old (n = 329)				40–59 years old (n = 2,016)				over 60 years old (n = 1,043)
Outcomes	n (%) of Events	HR^a	95% CI	P value	n (%) of Events	HR^a	95% CI	P value	n (%) of Events	HR^a	95% CI	P value	n (%) of Events	HR^a	95% CI	P value
Overall complications
CDMP
No	310 (19.81)	Ref		< 0.0001	28 (18.06)	Ref		< 0.0001	188 (19.69)	Ref		< 0.0001	94 (20.66)	Ref		< 0.0001
Yes	25 (1.37)	0.060	0.040–0.090		2 (1.15)	0.041	0.009–0.183		13 (1.23)	0.055	0.031–0.096		10 (1.70)	0.070	0.036–0.135
Microvascular complications
CDMP
No	202 (12.91)	Ref		< 0.0001	22 (14.19)	Ref		0.0004	130 (13.61)	Ref		< 0.0001	50 (10.99)	Ref		< 0.0001
Yes	15 (0.82)	0.059	0.035–0.100		1 (0.57)	0.024	0.003–0.192		7 (0.66)	0.045	0.021–0.097		7 (1.19)	0.106	0.047–0.237
Macrovascular complications
CDMP
No	138 (8.82)	Ref		< 0.0001	11 (7.10)	Ref		0.0246	75 (7.85)	Ref		< 0.0001	52 (11.43)	Ref		< 0.0001
Yes	11 (0.60)	0.062	0.034–0.115		1 (0.57)	0.085	0.010–0.730		6 (0.57)	0.069	0.030–0.158		4 (0.68)	0.052	0.019–0.145

Abbreviations: CDMP Chronic Disease Management Program, HR hazard ratio,CI confidence interval
^aAdjusted for age group (all subject analysis only), sex, year of diagnosis, economic status, healthcare insurance type, region of residence, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, Charlson Comorbidity Index, follow-up period, and pattern of antidiabetic medication prescription

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