Skip to main content

Table 2 Crude and adjusted odds of food insecurity among post-secondary students by demographic categories, Canada, 2018 (n = 4,102)

From: Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of food insecurity among post-secondary students and non-students of similar age in Canada

 

Crude OR

(95% CI)

Adjusted1 OR

(95% CI)

Student Status

  

Part time post-secondary student

1.09 (0.79–1.52)

1.32 (0.87–1.99)

Full time post-secondary student

1.00

1.00

Provincial ranking of affordability of post-secondary schooling

  

High affordability (Newfoundland and Labrador, Quebec, Manitoba)

1.08 (0.72–1.61)

1.05 (0.65–1.70)

Medium affordability (Prince Edward Island, British Columbia, Alberta, New Brunswick)

1.00 (0.73–1.38)

1.00 (0.68–1.46)

Low affordability (Nova Scotia, Ontario, Saskatchewan)

1.00

1.00

Age groups

  

19–24 years

0.85 (0.64–1.13)

0.87 (0.61–1.25)

25–30 years

1.00

1.00

Sex

  

Male

1.00

1.00

Female

1.16 (0.92–1.47)

1.08 (0.84–1.40)

Immigration status

  

Canadian born

1.00

1.00

Immigrant ≤ 5 years

2.05 (1.23–3.41)**

1.20 (0.66–2.21)

Immigrant > 5 years

1.11 (0.75–1.64)

0.94 (0.59–1.48)

Aboriginal Status

  

Non-aboriginal

1.00

1.00

Aboriginal

2.07 (1.29–3.30)**

1.40 (0.86–2.27)

Highest level of education

  

High school degree

1.23 (0.87–1.72)

1.30 (0.86–1.97)

Some post-secondary education (no certificate)

1.38 (0.97–1.99)

1.39 (0.90–2.16)

Post-secondary certificate below Bachelor’s

1.00

1.00

Bachelor’s degree or above

0.72 (0.50–1.02)

0.63 (0.41–0.95)*

Received scholarship

  

Yes

1.23 (0.90–1.68)

1.22 (0.86–1.74)

No

1.00

1.00

Size of area of residence

  

Rural area/ population < 100,000

1.00

1.00

Population 100,000- 499,999

1.40 (0.99–1.99)

1.14 (0.76–1.72)

Population ≥ 500,000

1.18 (0.86–1.62)

0.97 (0.67–1.38)

Living arrangements

  

Living alone with/without roommates

1.73 (1.12–2.68)*

0.57 (0.31–1.03)

Living with families (parents or relatives)

1.00

1.00

Living with spouse, no children

1.37 (0.87–2.16)

0.79 (0.45–1.37)

Living with children

4.25 (2.70–6.69)***

1.93 (1.10–3.40)*

Employment

  

Full-year full-time worker

0.98 (0.68–1.39)

1.04 (0.66–1.65)

Part-time worker

1.00

1.00

Did not work during the reference year

1.39 (1.02–1.89)*

0.94 (0.63–1.41)

Household income

  

Total adjusted income after tax (Every 5000 CAD)

0.88 (0.86–0.91)***

0.88 (0.84–0.92)***

Major source of economic family income

  

Wages, salaries, or self-employment

1.00

1.00

Social assistance

13.00 (5.31–31.83)***

4.32 (1.60-11.69)**

Other income sources

1.73 (1.19–2.51)**

0.92 (0.58–1.46)

Ownership of dwelling

  

Owned by a member of the household

1.00

1.00

Not owned by a member of the household

2.88 (2.14–3.88)***

1.60 (1.08–2.37)*

  1. 1The adjusted model includes all of the variables listed in this table
  2. * p value < 0.05, ** p value < 0.01, *** p value < 0.0001