Table 1 Crude and adjusted odds of food insecurity in students (full- and part-time) as compared to non-students by demographic categories, Canada, 2018 (n = 11,679)
| Â | Crude OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI), partially adjusted1 | OR (95% CI), fully adjusted2 |
|---|---|---|---|
Student Status | Â | Â | Â |
Part time student | 0.82 (0.61–1.10) | 0.88 (0.65–1.18) | 0.90 (0.64–1.25) |
Fulltime student | 0.75 (0.62–0.90)** | 0.72 (0.58–0.89)** | 0.61 (0.50–0.76)*** |
Non-student | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Provincial ranking of affordability of post-secondary schooling | Â | Â | Â |
High affordability (Newfoundland and Labrador, Quebec, Manitoba) | 0.98 (0.77–1.24) | 0.94 (0.73–1.21) | 0.89 (0.68–1.16) |
Medium affordability (Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Alberta, British Columbia) | 1.15 (0.94–1.42) | 1.05 (0.84–1.31) | 1.14 (0.90–1.44) |
Low affordability (Nova Scotia, Ontario, Saskatchewan) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Age group | Â | Â | Â |
19–24 | 1.13 (0.96–1.32) | 1.11 (0.92–1.36) | 1.06 (0.87–1.28) |
25–30 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Sex | Â | Â | Â |
Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Female | 1.09 (0.96–1.23) | 1.18 (1.04–1.35)* | 1.12 (0.97–1.28) |
Immigration status | Â | Â | Â |
Canadian born | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Immigrant ≤ 5 years | 1.16 (0.83–1.62) | 1.38 (0.96–1.98) | 0.96 (0.65–1.42) |
Immigrant > 5 years | 0.85 (0.65–1.11) | 0.98 (0.73–1.31) | 0.84 (0.62–1.13) |
Aboriginal Status | Â | Â | Â |
Non-aboriginal | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Aboriginal | 2.48 (1.84–3.33)*** | 1.94 (1.43–2.63)*** | 1.52 (1.12–2.05)** |
Highest level of education | Â | Â | Â |
High school or less | 1.61(1.35–1.92)*** | 1.63 (1.34–1.98)*** | 1.19 (0.97–1.46) |
Some post-secondary education (no certificate) | 1.30 (0.99–1.69) | 1.52 (1.15–2.01)** | 1.23 (0.91–1.65) |
Post-secondary certificate below Bachelor’s | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Bachelor’s degree or above | 0.52 (0.41–0.66)*** | 0.49 (0.39–0.63)*** | 0.53 (0.41–0.69)*** |
Size of area of residence | Â | Â | Â |
Rural area/ population < 100,000 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Population 100,000- 499,999 | 0.99 (0.81–1.22) | 1.11 (0.89–1.38) | 0.96 (0.75–1.22) |
Population ≥ 500,000 | 0.86 (0.71–1.05) | 1.09 (0.88–1.36) | 0.92 (0.73–1.17) |
Living arrangements | Â | Â | Â |
Living alone with/without roommates | 1.38 (1.08–1.76)* | 1.70 (1.29–2.22)** | 0.59 (0.43–0.80)** |
Living with families (parents or relatives) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Living with spouse, no children | 0.83 (0.63–1.08) | 1.05 (0.78–1.41) | 0.68 (0.50–0.92)* |
Living with children | 2.03 (1.63–2.52)*** | 2.10 (1.62–2.73)*** | 1.08 (0.82–1.43) |
Economic family: total adjusted income after tax (Mean ± SE) | 0.88 (0.86–0.90)*** | NA | 0.88 (0.85–0.90)*** |
Major source of economic family income, % | Â | Â | Â |
Wages, salaries, or self-employment | 1.00 | NA | 1.00 |
Social assistance | 14.42 (8.89–23.38)*** | NA | 4.36 (2.60–7.31)*** |
Other income sources | 1.59 (1.24–2.04)** | NA | 0.87 (0.64–1.16) |
Ownership of dwelling, % | Â | Â | Â |
Owned by a member of the household | 1.00 | NA | 1.00 |
Not owned by a member of the household | 2.31 (1.91–2.81)*** | NA | 1.52 (1.21–1.91)** |