From: Underreporting of workers’ injuries or illnesses and contributing factors: a systematic review
GRADE | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Contributing factors | Studies | Sample size | Assessment | Explanation |
Sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
Age | Biddle [16] | 1,598 | Low | |
Sex | 9.837 | Very low | Risk of bias, inconsistency | |
Race/ethnicity | 1,743 | Very low | Risk of bias, inconsistency | |
Education | 2,810 | Very low | Risk of bias, inconsistency | |
Income | Rosenman [15] | 1,598 | Low | |
Marital status | Fan [17] | 321 | Very low | Imprecision of results |
Injury type and severity | ||||
Activity limitation | Rosenman [15] | 1,598 | Low | |
Absence from work | Rosenman [15] | 1,598 | Low | |
Severe symptoms | 4,936 | Low | Indirectness of evidence | |
Number of injuries | Makary [20] | 699 | Very Low | Risk of bias |
Psychosocial work environment | ||||
Social support | 4,237 | Moderate | ||
Safety training | 2,592 | Very low | Risk of bias, indirectness of evidence | |
Safety incentive | Lipscomb [6] | 1,020 | Low | Risk of bias |
Job strain | Qin [23] | 2,639 | Low | Risk of bias |
Job and employment | ||||
Physical demand | 4,237 | Moderate | ||
Job tenure | Rosenman [15] | 1,598 | Low | |
Type of work | 1,020 | Very low | Risk of bias | |
Work hour | Yang [28] | 7,395 | Low | |
General health and functioning | 9,264 | Very low | Risk of bias, indirectness of evidence | |
Knowledge regarding reporting | Makary [20] | 699 | Low | |
Healthcare provider | Rosenman [15] | 1,598 | Low | |
The criteria of support for the concept in the mixed-methods synthesis | ||||
Reasons for not reporting | Studies | Assessment | Explanation | |
Fear | Moderate | Inside-outside | ||
Cumbersome time and effort | Moderate | Inside-outside | ||
Perceptions of injuries as not severe or part of the job | Moderate | Inside-outside | ||
Distrust of reporting | Low | Publication bias, inside-outside | ||
Lack of knowledge | Low | Publication bias, Inside-outside |