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Table 1 Cause of death by short verbal autopsy

From: Assessment of the underlying causes of adult deaths using a short version of verbal autopsy in Xaiyabouli Province, Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Cause of death (code)

Definition

ICD-10

WHO VA 2016 [2]

Suicide/homicide (S/H)

Officially documented (recorded at the village office) suicide/homicide

X71-X83

VA-11.10

Bite/sting/food poisoning (B/S)

Observed or self-reported bite by venomous animals, bite by insects, or poisoned food

A05.9 T62-T63

VA-11.06

Traffic accident (TA)

Documented/observed traffic accident

V00-V99

VA-11.01 VA-11.02

Other injury (OI)

Injury other than the above

S00-T06 T08-T35 T51-T88

VA-11.03–05 VA-11.07–08

Myocardial infarction (MI)

Strong sudden chest pain within 24 h before death

I21

VA-04.02

Arachnoid hemorrhage (AH)

Strong sudden headache within 24 h before death

I60

VA-04.03

Other sudden death (OS)

Sudden death other than the above

  

Stroke (ST)

Death within a year after the onset of palsy

I61-I69

VA-04.03

Tumor (TU)

Documented or observed tumors in the last month before the death

  

Bloody diarrhea disease (BD)

Severe bloody diarrhea in the last week before the death

A09

VA-01.01

Non-bloody diarrhea disease (ND)

Severe diarrhea in the last week before the death

A04

VA-01.01

Pneumonia (PN)

Cough with sputum, dyspnea and high fever

J09-J18

VA-01.13

Asthma (AS)

Difficulty of breathing (inspiration or expiration) and wheezing

J45

VA-05.02

Other respiratory disease (OR)

Cough, sputum, dyspnea but not pneumonia or asthma

  

Tetanus (TE)

Jaw cramping (trismus) 7–10 days after having a wound on the body

A35

VA-01.04

Meningitis (ME)

High fever, stiff neck (discomfort or pain when trying to turn, move, or flex the neck), and vomiting

G00-G03

VA-01.11

Live failure (LF)

Yellow skin, yellow eyes, dark urine, and itchiness in the last week before the death

R17

 

Heart/renal failure (H/R)

Dyspnea when exercise or lying down with edema in the face, legs, ankles, or feet

I50,N17-N19

VA-04.05, VA-07.01

Other heart disease (OH)

Dyspnea when exercise or lying down without edema

  

Senility (SE)

Death without any symptom and age of 70 years old or older

R41.81

 

Other disease (OD)

Death from disease other than the above

  
  1. UCOD Underlying cause of death, ICD International Classification of Disease, WHO World Health Organization, VA Verbal autopsy