Table 4 Logistic regression estimates on association between selected health risk behaviour and adverse childhood experiences among adolescents and young adults, 2018-19

Substances used by family members

No®

Yes

1.19**(1.02  1.38)

1.28**(1.05  1.57)

1.38***(1.17  1.62)

1.21*(0.97  1.52)

1.18*(0.98  1.41)

1.28***(1.12  1.45)

1.24 (0.82  1.9)

1.91*(0.99  3.71)

1.26 (0.81  1.95)

1.14 (0.88  1.48)

Inter-parental violence

No®

Yes

1.09 (0.92  1.31)

1.01 (0.82  1.24)

1.29***(1.08  1.55)

0.94 (0.73  1.22)

0.98 (0.77  1.24)

1 (0.86 1.17)

1.22 (0.81  1.84)

2.21***(1.31  3.72)

1.19 (0.73  1.94)

1.35**(1.03  1.75)

Physical abuse

No®

Yes

1.34***(1.17  1.54)

1.41***(1.17  1.69)

1.02 (0.88  1.18)

1.1 (0.88  1.38)

1.03 (0.87  1.23)

1.28***(1.12  1.46)

1.07 (0.76  1.53)

1.68**(1  2.82)

0.99 (0.67  1.47)

1.05 (0.82  1.34)

Sexual Abuse

No®

Yes

1.31 (0.78  2.21)

1.04 (0.76  1.43)

1.59 (0.91  2.77)

1.31 (0.93  1.84)

1.74 (0.78  3.89)

1.01 (0.81  1.25)

3.69***(1.62  8.39)

7.14***(4.37  11.68)

3.26**(1.24  8.61)

1.36*(0.95  1.95)

Gender discrimination

No®

Yes

0.9 (0.7  1.17)

0.89 (0.68  1.16)

1.21 (0.93  1.58)

0.71*(0.5  1.00)

0.85 (0.61  1.17)

1.22**(1.00  1.48)

1.72**(1.01  2.9)

0.82 (0.43  1.55)

0.87 (0.39  1.91)

1.03 (0.74  1.44)

Age group (in years)

13–19®

20–23

0.53***(0.45  0.62)

0.78**(0.64  0.95)

2.05***(1.76  2.39)

0.91 (0.74  1.13)

0.64***(0.53  0.77)

0.65***(0.58  0.74)

3.71***(2.58  5.33)

2.67***(1.62  4.41)

0.96 (0.63  1.45)

0.91 (0.72  1.16)

Current schooling

No®

Yes

1.29***(1.11 1.49)

1.14(0.95 1.38)

0.27***(0.24 0.50)

1.01(0.82 1.26)

0.48***(0.39 0.59)

0.53***(0.46 0.60)

0.34***(0.23 0.50)

0.58*(0.34 0.98)

0.45***(0.31 0.68)

0.54***(0.43 0.69)

Co-reside with both parents

No®

Yes

0.81**(0.68  0.96)

0.88 (0.71  1.10)

0.69***(0.57  0.83)

0.72***(0.56  0.91)

1 (0.8  1.26)

0.99 (0.85  1.15)

0.84 (0.55  1.31)

0.43***(0.25  0.73)

0.37***(0.25  0.57)

0.85 (0.64  1.12)

Mother’s education

Illiterate®

literate

0.93 (0.8  1.08)

0.86 (0.7  1.05)

0.97 (0.83  1.13)

1.04 (0.83  1.3)

0.58***(0.49  0.69)

0.6***(0.53  0.68)

0.97 (0.66  1.43)

0.57*(0.30  1.10)

1.25 (0.83  1.90)

1.03 (0.80  1.33)

Caste

SC/ST®

NON-SC/ST

1.15*(0.98  1.36)

0.85 (0.68  1.05)

0.69***(0.59  0.82)

1 (0.76  1.31)

1.12 (0.91  1.39)

1.02 (0.87  1.19)

0.55***(0.38  0.81)

0.51**(0.30  0.85)

0.58**(0.38  0.88)

0.85 (0.64  1.11)

Religion

Hindu®

Non-Hindu

0.91 (0.75  1.10)

0.93 (0.75  1.16)

0.98 (0.8  1.19)

1.34**(1.06  1.70)

1.25*(0.98  1.60)

1.77***(1.52  2.05)

1.1 (0.68  1.78)

0.8 (0.40  1.57)

0.62 (0.34  1.13)

0.78*(0.58  1.03)

Place of residence

Urban®

Rural

0.99 (0.81  1.20)

0.74**(0.57  0.95)

1.04 (0.85  1.28)

1.05 (0.75  1.46)

1.07 (0.78  1.46)

0.76***(0.62  0.93)

1.11 (0.69  1.79)

0.72 (0.39  1.33)

1.52 (0.84  2.77)

1.26 (0.91  1.76)

Wealth Index

Poor®

Middle

1.01 (0.84  1.21)

0.69***(0.55  0.87)

0.86 (0.71  1.04)

1.19 (0.88  1.6)

0.46***(0.35  0.59)

0.43***(0.36  0.51)

1.17 (0.75  1.83)

0.53**(0.29  0.98)         1.65*(0.95 2.88)         0.96(0.70 1.32)

Rich

0.77***(0.67  0.9)

0.85 (0.71  1.03)

0.78***(0.67  0.91)

0.81*(0.65  1.01)

1.29***(1.07  1.55)

1.85***(1.63  2.09)

1.83***(1.25  2.69)

1.45 (0.84  2.52)

0.63**(0.41  0.95)

0.64***(0.5  0.81)

State

Uttar Pradesh®

Bihar

1.3***(1.14  1.49)

1.56***(1.31  1.85)

1.19**(1.04  1.37)

1.08 (0.88  1.32)

0.99 (0.84  1.17)

1.06 (0.94  1.2)

0.7**(0.49  1)

1.23 (0.75  2.02)

0.96 (0.65  1.41)

1.31**(1.04  1.64)

Constant

0.52***(0.38  0.70)

0.15***(0.11  0.22)

0.38***(0.28  0.52)

0.08***(0.05  0.13)

6.01***(4.04  8.92)

1.6***(1.22  2.10)

0.01***(0.00  0.02)

0.01***(0.00  0.02)

0.04***(0.02  0.10)

0.06***(0.03  0.09)