Table 6 Association of socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics with ANC and DC, EDHS 2011
Variables | Categories | Weighted frequency (%) | Antenatal care visit | Place of Delivery | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes (%) | No (%) | X2-p value | Health facility (%) | Home (%) | X2-p value | |||
Age | 15–19 | 402(5.1) | 59(3.8) | 343(5.4) | 0.000 | 42(4.4) | 360(5.2) | 0.000 |
20–24 | 1608(20.3) | 335(21.8) | 1273(20.0) | 275(28.6) | 1333(19.2) | |||
25–29 | 2383(30.1) | 516(33.6) | 1867(29.3) | 344(35.8) | 2038(29.3) | |||
30–34 | 1489(18.8) | 262(17.1) | 1227(19.3) | 152(15.8) | 1337(19.2) | |||
35–39 | 1239(15.7) | 257(16.7) | 982(15.4) | 95(9.9) | 1144(16.5) | |||
40–44 | 572(7.2) | 84(5.5) | 488(7.7) | 34(3.5) | 537(7.7) | |||
45–49 | 216(2.7) | 22(1.4) | 194(3.0) | 18(1.9) | 198(2.9) | |||
Mother’s education | No education | 5270(66.6) | 665(43.3) | 4605(72.3) | 0.000 | 275(28.6) | 4995(71.9) | 0.000 |
Primary | 2270(28.7) | 630(41.0) | 1640(25.7) | 415(43.2) | 1855(26.7) | |||
Secondary | 226(2.9) | 147(9.6) | 79(1.2) | 160(16.7) | 65(0.9) | |||
Higher | 142(1.8) | 93(6.1) | 49(0.8) | 110(11.5) | 32(0.5) | |||
Mother’s Occupation | Not working | 3509(44.8) | 607(39.9) | 2902(46.0) | 0.000 | 418(44.0) | 3092(44.9) | 0.619 |
Working | 4325(55.2) | 914(60.1) | 3411(54.0) | 531(56.0) | 3794(55.1) | |||
Husband education | No education | 3918(50.0) | 464(30.5) | 3454(54.7) | 0.000 | 185(19.7) | 3734(54.2) | 0.000 |
Primary | 3183(40.7) | 706(46.4) | 2477(39.3) | 397(42.3) | 2785(40.4) | |||
Secondary | 433(5.5) | 173(11.4) | 260(4.1) | 180(19.2) | 253(3.7) | |||
Higher | 296(3.8) | 177(11.6) | 119(1.9) | 177(18.8) | 119(1.7) | |||
Husband occupation | Not working | 64(0.8) | 25(1.6) | 39(0.6) | 0.000 | 10(1.1) | 54(0.8) | 0.371 |
Working | 7732(99.2) | 1494(98.4) | 6238(99.4) | 926(98.9) | 6807(99.2) | |||
Household head | Male | 6611(83.6) | 1237(80.6) | 5374(84.3) | 0.000 | 696(72.5) | 5915(85.1) | 0.000 |
Female | 1297(16.4) | 298(19.4) | 999(15.7) | 264(27.5) | 1033(14.9) | |||
Marital status | Unmarried | 723(9.1) | 138(9.0) | 585(9.2) | 0.817 | 122(12.7) | 600(8.6) | 0.000 |
Married | 7185(90.9) | 1397(91.0) | 5788(9.8) | 838(87.3) | 6347(91.4) | |||
Religion | Orthodox | 3327(42.1) | 775(50.5) | 2552(40.1) | 0.000 | 580(60.4) | 2747(39.6) | 0.000 |
Catholic | 81(1.0) | 15(1.0) | 66(1.0) | 17(1.8) | 64(0.9) | |||
Protestant | 1763(22.3) | 292(19.0) | 1471(23.1) | 164(17.1) | 1599(23.0) | |||
Muslim | 2563(32.4) | 436(28.4) | 2127(33.4) | 196(20.4) | 2367(34.1) | |||
Others | 169(2.1) | 17(1.1) | 152(2.4) | 3(0.3) | 166(2.4) | |||
Region | Tigray | 530(6.7) | 164(10.7) | 366(5.7) | 0.000 | 76(7.9) | 454(6.5) | 0.000 |
Afar | 78(1.0) | 9(0.6) | 69(1.1) | 6(0.6) | 72(1.0) | |||
Amhara | 1991(25.2) | 266(17.3) | 1725(27.1) | 220(22.9) | 1772(25.5) | |||
Oromo | 3116(39.4) | 579(37.7) | 2537(39.8) | 303(31.5) | 2814(40.5) | |||
Somalia | 198(2.5) | 14(0.9) | 184(2.9) | 18(1.9) | 179(2.6) | |||
Benishangul | 92(1.2) | 15(1.0) | 77(1.2) | 17(1.8) | 75(1.1) | |||
SNNP | 1634(20.7) | 293(19.1) | 1341(21.0) | 133(13.8) | 1501(21.6) | |||
Gambela | 31(0.4) | 10(0.7) | 21(0.3) | 9(0.9) | 21(0.3) | |||
Harari | 19(0.2) | 7(0.5) | 12(0.2) | 8(0.8) | 12(0.2) | |||
Addis Ababa | 192(2.4) | 168(10.9) | 24(0.4) | 158(16.4) | 34(0.5) | |||
Dire Dwa | 27(0.3) | 11(0.7) | 16(0.3) | 13(1.4) | 14(0.2) | |||
Residence | Urban | 1188(15.0) | 562(36.6) | 626(9.8) | 0.000 | 630(65.6) | 558(8.0) | 0.000 |
Rural | 720(85.0) | 973(63.4) | 5747(90.2) | 331(34.4) | 6389(92.0) | |||
Family size | 1–3 | 1079(13.7) | 294(19.2) | 785(12.3) | 0.000 | 255(26.5) | 825(11.9) | 0.000 |
4–6 | 4057(51.3) | 801(52.2) | 3256(51.1) | 514(53.5) | 3543(51.0) | |||
7 and above | 2771(35.0) | 440(28.7) | 2331(36.6) | 192(20.0) | 2580(37.1) | |||
Birth order | First | 1399(17.7) | 390(25.4) | 1009(15.8) | 0.000 | 371(38.6) | 1028(14.8) | 0.000 |
2–3 | 2462(31.1) | 503(32.8) | 1959(30.7) | 365(38.0) | 2097(30.2) | |||
4–5 | 1814(22.9) | 346(22.5) | 1468(23.0) | 128(13.3) | 1686(24.3) | |||
6 and above | 2233(28.2) | 296(19.3) | 1937(30.5) | 97(10.1) | 21.36(30.7) | |||
Birth interval | < = 24 | 1178(18.1) | 155(13.6) | 1023(19.1) | 0.000 | 94(16.1) | 1084(18.3) | 0.000 |
25–36 | 2262(34.8) | 315(27.7) | 1947(36.3) | 103(17.6) | 2160(36.5) | |||
> = 37 | 3057(47.1) | 667(58.7) | 2390(44.6) | 388(66.3) | 2669(45.1) | |||
Mass media | No | 3171(40.2) | 277(18.0) | 2894(45.5) | 0.000 | 138(14.4) | 3033(43.8) | 0.000 |
Has mobile/Telephone | Yes | 4720(59.8) | 1258(82.0) | 3462(54.5) | 822(85.6) | 3898(56.2) | ||
No | 7729(97.8) | 1410(92.0) | 6319(99.2) | 0.000 | 827(86.1) | 6902(99.4) | 0.000 | |
Yes | 177(2.2) | 123(8.0) | 54(0.8) | 134(13.9) | 44(0.6) | |||
Wealth index | Poor | 3435(43.4) | 347(22.6) | 3088(48.5) | 0.000 | 112(11.7) | 3324(47.8) | 0.000 |
Middle | 1628(20.6) | 226(14.7) | 1402(22.0) | 65(6.8) | 1563(22.5) | |||
Rich | 2844(36.0) | 962(62.7) | 1882(29.5) | 783(81.6) | 2061(29.7) | |||
Distance to health facility | Not big problem | 5403(68.4) | 1218(79.5) | 4185(65.7) | 0.000 | 796(83.4) | 4606(66.3) | 0.000 |
Big problem | 2499(31.6) | 314(20.5) | 2185(34.3) | 158(16.6) | 2340(33.7) | |||
Insurance | Not insured | 7848(99.3) | 1500(97.8) | 6348(99.7) | 0.000 | 925(96.7) | 6923(99.7) | 0.000 |
insured | 54(0.7) | 34(2.2) | 20(0.7) | 32(3.3) | 22(0.3) | |||