Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants by type of tea consumption
Covariates | Type of tea consumption | Overall | p | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Never | Green tea | Scented tea | Dark tea | Sweet tea | Black tea | Other tea | |||
Age group (years, %) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
30–39 | 11,083(21.56) | 1,642(13.69) | 676(15.96) | 1,251(25.26) | 722(29.58) | 183(25.77) | 152(23.17) | 15,709(20.49) |  |
40–49 | 17,292(33.64) | 4,268(35.58) | 1,522(33.67) | 1,558(31.46) | 809(33.14) | 304(42.82) | 210(32.01) | 25,963(33.86) |  |
50–59 | 12,898(25.09) | 3,498(29.16) | 1,204(26.64) | 1,304(26.33) | 623(25.52) | 141(19.86) | 149(22.71) | 19,817(25.85) |  |
60–69 | 7,735(15.05) | 1,963(16.36) | 829(18.34) | 676(13.65) | 236(9.67) | 59(8.31) | 103(15.70) | 11,601(15.13) |  |
70–79 | 2,389(4.65) | 625(5.21) | 289(6.39) | 164(3.31) | 51(2.09) | 23(3.24) | 42(6.40) | 3,583(4.67) |  |
Sex (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
Male | 15,203(29.58) | 7,642(63.70) | 3,148(69.65) | 2,001(40.40) | 950(38.92) | 403(56.76) | 353(53.81) | 29,700(38.74) | Â |
Female | 36,194(70.42) | 4,354(36.30) | 1,372(30.35) | 2,952(59.60) | 1,491(61.08) | 307(43.24) | 303(46.19) | 46,973(61.26) | Â |
Ethnicity (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
Han | 29,862(58.10) | 8,581(71.53) | 4,244(93.89) | 841(16.98) | 19(0.78) | 447(62.96) | 479(73.02) | 44,473 (58.00) | Â |
Dong | 4,658(9.06) | 567(4.73) | 27(0.60) | 9(0.18) | 0(0.00) | 47(6.62) | 32(4.88) | 5,340(6.96) | Â |
Bouyi | 4,092(7.96) | 408(3.40) | 31(0.69) | 20(0.40) | 1(0.04) | 17(2.39) | 17(2.59) | 4,586(5.98) | Â |
Yi | 4,084(7.95) | 646(5.39) | 11(0.24) | 53(1.07) | 1(0.04) | 23(3.24) | 5(0.76) | 4,823(6.29) | Â |
Miao | 3,627(7.06) | 438(3.65) | 20(0.44) | 7(0.14) | 1(0.04) | 29(4.08) | 6(0.91) | 4,128(5.38) | Â |
Bai | 3,423(6.66) | 1,259(10.50) | 16(0.35) | 88(1.78) | 0(0.00) | 69(9.72) | 4(0.61) | 4,859(6.34) | Â |
Tibetan | 1,651(3.21) | 97(0.81) | 171(3.78) | 3,935(79.45) | 2,419(99.10) | 78(10.99) | 113(17.23) | 8,464 (11.04) | Â |
Marital status (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
Married | 45,816(89.14) | 10,985(91.57) | 4,148(91.77) | 4,404(88.92) | 2,219(90.91) | 641(90.28) | 581(88.57) | 68,794 (89.73) | Â |
Divorce | 2,204(4.29) | 410(3.42) | 213(4.71) | 202(4.08) | 51(2.09) | 39(5.49) | 39(5.95) | 3,158(4.12) | Â |
Widowed | 2,794(5.44) | 473(3.94) | 119(2.63) | 191(3.86) | 82(3.36) | 10(1.41) | 23(3.51) | 3,692(4.82) | Â |
Single | 582(1.13) | 128(1.07) | 40(0.88) | 156(3.15) | 89(3.65) | 20(2.82) | 13(1.98) | 1,028(1.34) | Â |
Education (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
Illiteracy | 12,627(24.57) | 1,919(16.00) | 403(8.92) | 2,792(56.37) | 1,305(53.46) | 102(14.37) | 104(15.85) | 19,252 (25.11) | Â |
Primary | 12,584(24.48) | 3,079(25.67) | 1,039(22.99) | 1,229(24.81) | 807(33.06) | 115(16.20) | 146(22.26) | 18,999 (24.78) | Â |
Middle school | 19,917(38.75) | 5,305(44.23) | 2,475(54.76) | 689(13.91) | 299(12.25) | 271(38.17) | 281(42.84) | 29,237 (38.13) | Â |
College | 6,269(12.20) | 1,692(14.11) | 603(13.34) | 243(4.91) | 30(1.23) | 222(31.27) | 125(19.05) | 9,184 (11.98) | Â |
Occupation (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
Employed | 45,125(87.88) | 10,351(86.35) | 3,442(76.22) | 4,597(92.87) | 2,363(96.80) | 618(87.04) | 545(83.21) | 67,041 (87.51) | Â |
Unemployed | 2,351(4.58) | 475(3.96) | 382(8.46) | 119(2.40) | 29(1.19) | 43(6.06) | 35(5.34) | 3,434(4.48) | Â |
Retired | 3,875(7.55) | 1,161(9.69) | 692(15.32) | 234(4.73) | 49(2.01) | 49(6.90) | 75(11.45) | 6,135(8.01) | Â |
Family income (RMB /year) (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
< 12,000 | 8,744(17.03) | 1,787(14.93) | 419(9.28) | 782(15.79) | 507(20.77) | 69(9.75) | 75(11.45) | 12,383 (16.17) |  |
12,000–19,999 | 9,182(17.89) | 1,895(15.83) | 544(12.05) | 1,327(26.80) | 809(33.14) | 80(11.30) | 108(16.49) | 13,945 (18.21) |  |
20,000–59,999 | 18,592(36.22) | 4,494(37.54) | 1,762(39.04) | 2,020(40.80) | 819(33.55) | 199(28.11) | 220(33.59) | 28,106 (36.70) |  |
60,000–99,999 | 7,705(15.01) | 1,867(15.59) | 973(21.56) | 411(8.30) | 189(7.74) | 128(18.08) | 109(16.64) | 11,382 (14.86) |  |
100,000–199,999 | 5,793(11.28) | 1,480(12.36) | 648(14.36) | 296(5.98) | 86(3.52) | 158(22.32) | 109(16.64) | 8,570 (11.19) |  |
>=200,000 | 1,321(2.57) | 449(3.75) | 167(3.70) | 115(2.32) | 31(1.27) | 74(10.45) | 34(5.19) | 2,191(2.86) | Â |
BMI(kg/m2) (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
Normal | 28,522(55.58) | 6,584(54.95) | 2,094(46.37) | 1,960(39.68) | 623(25.60) | 353(49.72) | 250(38.23) | 40,386 (52.76) | Â |
Overweight | 17,414(33.93) | 4,195(35.01) | 1,846(40.88) | 1,954(39.56) | 1,464(60.15) | 274(38.59) | 302(46.18) | 27,449 (35.86) | Â |
Obesity | 5,382(10.49) | 1,202(10.03) | 576(12.75) | 1,025(20.75) | 347(14.26) | 83(11.69) | 102(15.60) | 8,717 (11.39) | Â |
MET (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
Low | 11,635(22.74) | 2,647(22.18) | 1,548(34.42) | 1,918(38.84) | 889(36.64) | 170(24.08) | 211(32.26) | 19,018 (24.92) | Â |
Middle | 26,075(50.96) | 6,078(50.93) | 2,159(48.00) | 2,044(41.39) | 1,135(46.78) | 399(56.52) | 329(50.31) | 38,219 (50.08) | Â |
High | 13,453(26.29) | 3,210(26.90) | 791(17.59) | 976(19.77) | 402(16.57) | 137(19.41) | 114(17.43) | 19,083 (25.00) | Â |
Smoking status (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
No | 42,830(83.33) | 6,410(53.43) | 2,037(45.07) | 4,040(81.57) | 1,808(74.07) | 439(61.83) | 438(66.77) | 58,002 (75.65) | Â |
Current | 6,969(13.56) | 4,710(39.26) | 2,020(44.69) | 670(13.53) | 530(21.71) | 229(32.25) | 176(26.83) | 15,304 (19.96) | Â |
Quit | 1,598(3.11) | 876(7.30) | 463(10.24) | 243(4.91) | 103(4.22) | 42(5.92) | 42(6.40) | 3,367(4.39) | Â |
Alcohol use status (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
No | 30,472(59.29) | 5,167(43.07) | 1,628(36.02) | 3,832(77.37) | 1,632(66.86) | 275(38.73) | 266(40.55) | 43,272 (56.44) | Â |
Occasionally | 16,253(31.62) | 3,953(32.95) | 1,524(33.72) | 793(16.01) | 661(27.08) | 302(42.54) | 260(39.63) | 23,746 (30.97) | Â |
Frequently | 4,672(9.09) | 2,876(23.97) | 1,368(30.27) | 328(6.62) | 148(6.06) | 133(18.73) | 130(19.82) | 9,655 (12.59) | Â |
Salt (g/w, mean ± SD) | 47.52 ± 28.64 | 45.91 ± 27.52 | 42.74 ± 24.41 | 43.32 ± 33.08 | 43.52 ± 33.62 | 42.28 ± 26.56 | 42.71 ± 28.20 | 46.50 ± 28.74 | < 0.001 |
Vegetables (g/w, mean ± SD) | 2,227.71 ± 1,416.93 | 2,197.89 ± 1,433.73 | 2,401.19 ± 1,516.65 | 1,655.93 ± 1,459.11 | 1,146.90 ± 1,366.48 | 2,189.56 ± 1,522.61 | 2,319.35 ± 1,720.95 | 2,162.39 ± 1,450.08 | < 0.001 |
Fruits (g/w, mean ± SD) | 854.48 ± 799.88 | 913.66 ± 813.56 | 894.90 ± 811.07 | 650.16 ± 729.30 | 575.48 ± 877.84 | 967.34 ± 879.90 | 894.91 ± 882.93 | 845.42 ± 806.07 | < 0.001 |
Dairy (g/w, mean ± SD) | 367.18 ± 574.19 | 368.40 ± 577.94 | 605.88 ± 691.37 | 477.99 ± 616.77 | 276.34 ± 423.35 | 553.02 ± 664.07 | 501.68 ± 647.71 | 388.64 ± 586.38 | < 0.001 |
Family history of hypertension (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
No | 39,523(76.9) | 9,090(75.78) | 3,394(75.09) | 4,200(84.80) | 1,986(81.36) | 519(73.10) | 512(78.05) | 59,224(77.24) | Â |
Yes | 11,874(23.1) | 2,906(24.22) | 1,126(24.91) | 753(15.20) | 455(18.64) | 191(26.90) | 144(21.95) | 17,449 (22.76) | Â |
Physician-diagnosed disease (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
No | 43,100 (83.86) | 9,681(80.70) | 3,443(76.17) | 3,975(80.25) | 1,861(76.24) | 561(79.01) | 482(73.48) | 63,103(82.30) | Â |
Yes | 8,297(16.14) | 2,315(19.30) | 1,077(23.83) | 978(19.75) | 580(23.76) | 149(20.99) | 174(26.52) | 13,570 (17.70) | Â |
Duration of tea consumption (years) (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
≤ 15 | - | 3,485(29.06) | 1,353(29.94) | 523(10.56) | 139(5.69) | 325(45.77) | 320(48.78) | 6,164(24.35) |  |
16–40 | - | 6,782(56.55) | 2,601(57.56) | 2,724(55.00) | 1,268(51.95) | 304(42.82) | 246(37.50) | 13,940 (55.08) |  |
> 40 | - | 1,725(14.38) | 565(12.50) | 1,706(34.44) | 1,034(42.36) | 81(11.41) | 90(13.72) | 5,206(20.57) |  |
Frequency of tea consumption (d/w) (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
1–2 | - | 1,465(12.49) | 550(12.66) | 312(6.39) | 77(3.16) | 114(16.38) | 109(17.33) | 2,631(10.63) |  |
3–5 | - | 1,784(15.22) | 848(19.52) | 372(7.62) | 97(3.99) | 133(19.11) | 120(19.08) | 3,360(13.57) |  |
6–7 | - | 8,476(72.29) | 2,947(67.83) | 4,199(85.99) | 2,260(92.85) | 449(64.51) | 400(63.59) | 18,761 (75.80) |  |
Amount of tea consumption (g/d) (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
≤ 2.0 | - | 2,713(22.75) | 1,453(32.16) | 909(18.36) | 1,204(49.32) | 147(20.85) | 194(29.66) | 6,621(26.25) |  |
2.1-4.0 | - | 3,708(31.09) | 1,306(28.91) | 899(18.16) | 462(18.93) | 210(29.79) | 176(26.91) | 6,768(26.83) | Â |
4.1-8.0 | - | 3,020(25.32) | 966(21.38) | 1,310(26.46) | 256(10.49) | 149(21.13) | 133(20.34) | 5,847(23.18) | Â |
≥ 8.1 | - | 2,486(20.84) | 793(17.55) | 1,832(37.01) | 519(21.26) | 199(28.23) | 151(23.09) | 5,989(23.74) |  |
Hypertensive BP (%) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
No | 41,714(81.16) | 9,374(78.14) | 3,502(77.48) | 4,230(85.40) | 2,109(86.40) | 598(84.23) | 522(79.57) | 62,049(80.93) | Â |
Yes | 9,683(18.84) | 2,622(21.86) | 1,018(22.52) | 723(14.60) | 332(13.60) | 112(15.77) | 134(20.43) | 14,624 (19.07) | Â |