Disparities in the first-ever diagnosed liver cancers between the emergency department and outpatient department in Taiwan: a population-based study

Hsu, Tai-Yi; Ye, Jhu-Jing; Ye, Sih-Yun; Tseng, Hsiao-Yuan; Chou, Wen-Yu; Kung, Pei-Tseng; Tsai, Wen-Chen

doi:10.1186/s12889-023-15218-5

Table 3 Multivariate logistic regression analysis to explore the related variables for the probability of advanced liver cancers

From: Disparities in the first-ever diagnosed liver cancers between the emergency department and outpatient department in Taiwan: a population-based study

Variables	Non-advanced*		Advanced*		P-value^a	Adjusted OR^b	95%CI^c		P-value^d
Variables	N	%	N	%	P-value^a	Adjusted OR^b	95%CI^c		P-value^d
Total	2131	73.97	750	26.03
Location of diagnosis					< 0.001
Outpatient department	2035	75.26	669	24.74
Emergency department	96	54.23	81	45.76		1.77	1.27	2.47	< 0.001*
Personal characteristics
Gender					< 0.001
Male	1501	73.54	540	26.45
Female	630	74.99	210	25.00		1.06	0.85	1.32	0.605
Age (Year)					< 0.001
40–54	370	67.64	177	32.35
55–64	675	75.67	217	24.32		0.68	0.52	0.90	0.007*
65–74	677	77.73	194	22.27		0.54	0.40	0.73	< 0.0001*
≥75	409	71.63	162	28.37		0.64	0.46	0.88	0.007*
Marital Status					< 0.001
Unmarried	93	59.99	62	40.00
Married	1777	75.43	579	24.57		0.69	0.47	1.01	0.055
Divorced	101	70.14	43	29.86		0.76	0.45	1.28	0.296
Widowed	160	70.79	66	29.21		0.77	0.47	1.27	0.307
Socioeconomic status
Monthly salaries (NT$ ^e )					< 0.001
≤22,800	1157	64.60	634	35.40
22,801 − 28,800	596	90.30	64	9.69		0.25	0.18	0.33	< 0.0001*
≥28,801	378	87.90	52	12.10		0.31	0.23	0.43	< 0.0001*
Education level					0.120
Elementary school (and illiteracy)	1131	73.34	411	26.65
Junior high school	378	71.86	148	28.13		0.82	0.63	1.07	0.148
Senior high school (and above)	622	76.51	191	23.49		0.69	0.54	0.89	0.004*
Environmental status
Urbanization					0.254
Level 1	478	72.76	179	27.24
Level 2	610	72.70	229	27.29		1.01	0.79	1.30	0.934
Level 3	331	74.54	113	25.45		0.90	0.67	1.21	0.481
Level 4	390	77.07	116	22.93		0.88	0.65	1.18	0.382
Level 5	84	81.56	19	18.44		0.66	0.37	1.17	0.154
Level 6	136	71.58	54	28.42		1.14	0.76	1.70	0.526
Level 7	102	71.82	40	28.17		1.09	0.70	1.70	0.708
Use of preventive medicine
Health examination within three years before the diagnosis					< 0.001
No	501	63.19	292	36.83
Yes	1630	78.07	458	21.94		0.76	0.62	0.92	0.005*
Health status
Charlson comorbidity index					< 0.001
≤ 2	319	85.07	56	14.94
3–7	1450	76.04	457	23.97		1.37	0.99	1.90	0.056
≥ 8	362	60.43	237	39.57		2.18	1.52	3.13	< 0.0001*
Hepatitis B					< 0.001
No	1255	70.98	513	29.01
Yes	876	78.71	237	21.30		0.61	0.50	0.75	< 0.0001*
Hepatitis C					< 0.001
No	1291	70.05	552	29.95
Yes	840	80.93	198	19.08		0.48	0.39	0.59	< 0.0001*
Characteristics of the main hospital before diagnosis
Level of the medical institutions					0.529
Medical center	227	71.62	90	28.39
Regional hospital	401	76.09	126	23.90		0.73	0.51	1.03	0.072
District hospital	230	74.19	80	25.81		0.90	0.60	1.35	0.615
Primary clinic	1273	73.72	454	26.29		0.85	0.61	1.20	0.361
Ownership of the hospital					0.033
Public hospital	521	77.18	154	22.82
Non-public hospital	1610	72.98	596	27.01		1.50	1.15	1.96	0.003*

*Non-advanced: Stage 0, A, B; Advanced: Stage C, D. ^aChi-squared test. ^bEvent is an advanced stage of liver cancer; OR: odds ratio. ^cConfidence interval. ^dLogistic regression analysis. ^eNT$: New Taiwan dollar. *P < 0.05

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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