From: Environmental health aspects and microbial infections of the recreational water
Parameters | Total Examined Samples | PI | OR (95%CI) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N + ve | % | ||||
Seasonal variation | |||||
Wet | 34 | 22 | 64.7 | 1.000 | 0.147 |
Dry | 44 | 35 | 79.5 | 2.121 (0.768–5.856) | |
Bather load | |||||
< 250 | 48 | 32 | 66.7 | 1.000 | 0.113 |
250–500 | 30 | 25 | 83.3 | 2.500 (0.806–7.757) | |
Depth of sampling | |||||
Superficial | 39 | 33 | 84.6 | 3.437(1.164–10.152) | 0.025* |
Deep | 39 | 24 | 61.5 | 1.000 | |
Temperature | |||||
< 27 °C | 20 | 12 | 60.0 | 1.000 | 0.132 |
≥ 27 °C | 58 | 45 | 77.6 | 2.308 (0.778–6.842) | |
Duration of swimming pool work (in hours/ day) | |||||
≤ 10 | 46 | 30 | 65.2 | 1.000 | 0.067 |
> 10 | 32 | 27 | 84.4 | 2.880 (0.930–8.923) | |
Frequency of cleaning the swimming pools | |||||
Every 48 h. | 20 | 19 | 95.0 | 10.0 (1.246–80.245) | 0.030* |
Daily$ | 58 | 38 | 65.5 | 1.000 | |
Turn over (h) | |||||
< 6 | 56 | 39 | 69.6 | 1.000 | 0.281 |
6$ | 22 | 18 | 81.8 | 1.962 (0.577–6.671) | |
Flow rate (m3/min) | |||||
< 80$ | 24 | 9 | 37.5 | 1.000 | < 0.001* |
≥ 80 | 54 | 48 | 88.9 | 13.333(4.078–43.59) | |
Cl 2 (1-1.5 ppm) | |||||
1-1.5$ | 22 | 9 | 40.9 | 1.000 | < 0.001* |
> 1.5 | 56 | 48 | 85.7 | 8.667(2.793–26.896) | |
pH (7.2–7.8) | |||||
< 7.2 | 69 | 51 | 73.9 | 1.417(0.320–6.26) | 0.646 |
7.2–7.8$ | 9 | 6 | 66.7 | 1.000 | |
Alkalinity (100–150 mg/l) | |||||
100–150$ | 25 | 17 | 68.0 | 1.000 | 0.489 |
Abnormal | 53 | 40 | 75.5 | 1.448(0.508–4.128) | |
TDS (< 1500 ppm) | |||||
< 1500$ | 59 | 39 | 66.1 | 1.000 | 0.037* |
≥ 1500 | 19 | 18 | 94.7 | 9.231(1.148–74.22) | |
Total hardness (200–400 mg/l) | |||||
200–400$ | 35 | 20 | 57.1 | 1.000 | 0.006* |
> 400 | 43 | 37 | 86.0 | 4.625(1.552–13.78) | |
Total | 78 | 57 | 73.1 | Â | Â |