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Table 1 Characteristics and quality of the included studies

From: How is parental education associated with infant and young child feeding in Bangladesh? a systematic literature review

Author, year

Study design

Data source

Caregiver type

Study population

Quality of the articled

Ahmed et al. (1999) [35]

Cross-sectional

Interview

Both parents

Four rural sub-districts

Good

Ahmmed & Manik (2021) [39]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2004, 2007, 2011, and 2014

Both parents

National

Very good

Akter & Rahman (2010) [36]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2004

Both parents

National

Very good

Akter & Rahman (2010) [46]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2004

Mother

National

Very good

Akter et al. (2016) [40]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2011

Both Parents

National

Good

Al Mamun et al. (2022) [20]

Cross-sectional

Interview

Mother

Suborno Char, Noakhali

Very good

Ali et al. (2019) [47]

Cross-sectional

Interview

Mother

20 sub-districts of north and north-east Bangladesh

Very good

Basnet et al. (2020) [48]

Cross-sectional

Alive & Thrive baseline data 2010

Mother

20 sub districts of Bangladesh

Very good

Blackstone & Sanghvi (2018) [45]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2011, 2014

Mother

National

Very good

Campbell et al. (2016) [34]

Randomized controlled trial

Interview

Mother

Gaibandha and Rangpur

High quality

Chowdhury et al. (2016) [37]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2011

Both parents

National

Very good

Dintyala (2020) [49]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2014

Mother

National

Very good

Giashuddin & Kabir (2004) [50]

Cross-sectional

National surveyb

Mother

National

Very good

Hasan et al. (2020) [44]

Cross-sectional

Interview

Mother

Dhaka, Bangladesh

Very good

Hossain et al. (2018) [21]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2014

Mother

National

Very good

Islam et al. (2019) [6]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2014

Both parents

National

Very good

Islam et al. (2019) [51]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2014

Mother

National

Very good

Jain & Bongaart (1981) [32]

Cross-sectional

World Fertility Surveys 1976

Mother

National

Very good

Kabir et al. (2012) [5]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2007

Mother

National

Very good

Karim et al. (2019) [52]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2014

Mother

National

Very good

Khan et al. (2020) [41]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2011, 2014

Both parents

National

Good

Khan et al. (2022) [53]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2014

Mother

National

Very good

Mihrshahi et al. (2010) [54]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2004

Both parents

National

Very good

Na et al. (2018) [42]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2004–2014

Both parents

National

Very good

Nguyen et al. (2013) [55]

Cross-sectional

Interview

Mothers

20 subdistricts or upazilas

Very good

Rahman et al. (2011) [56]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2007

Mother

National

Very good

Rahman et al. (2020) [33]

Retrospective longitudinal

HDSS of Icddr,bc

Mother (adolescent)

Matlab, Bangladesh

High risk study

Rana et al. (2020) [57]

Cross-sectional

Interview

Mother

Rajshahi district

Very good

Sakib et al. (2021) [58]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2017–18

Mother

National

Good

Sen et al. (2020) [38]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2004, 2007, 2011, 2014

Both parents

National

Very good

Senarath et al. (2012) [59]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2007

Mother

National

Very good

Shahjahan et al. (2012) [60]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2007

Mother

National

Very good

Sundaram et al. (2013) [43]

Cross-sectional

RCT data of Jivita1 trail

Mother

Gaibandha, Bangladesh

Very good

Tariqujjaman et al. (2022) [61]

Cross-sectional

BDHSa 2017–18

Mother

National

Very good

  1. aBDHS Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey
  2. bNational survey Surveillance on Breastfeeding and Weaning Situation and Child and Maternal Health in Bangladesh
  3. cHealth & Demographic Surveillance System, International Center for Diarrheal Diseases Research, Bangladesh
  4. dQuality was assessed by Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) (detailed scoring is provided as supplementary file)