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Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the sample. N = 2135; n (%), mean [standard deviation].

From: The psychological burden of COVID-19 on the desire for parenthood in minoritized sexual identities: a study on depressive symptoms and family planning in Germany

 

Heterosexual individuals

Individuals with minoritized sexual identities

Heterosexual women

Heterosexual men

Lesbian women

Gay men

Bisexual women

Bisexual men

Asexual women

Asexual men

1004 (47.0)

300 (14.1)

353 (16.5)

108 (5.1)

254 (11.9)

80 (3.7)

29 (1.4)

7 (0.3)

Age

        

18–25 years

389 (38.8)

123 (41.0)

90 (25.5)

18 (16.7)

95 (37.4)

25 (31.3)

14 (48.3)

3 (42.9)

26–35 years

476 (47.5)

118 (39.9)

141 (39.9)

50 (46.3)

102 (40.2)

24 (30.0)

12 (41.4)

2 (28.6)

36–45 years

116 (11.6)

35 (11.7)

93 (26.3)

19 (17.6)

46 (18.1)

26 (32.5)

0 (0.0)

2 (28.6)

46 years and above

21 (2.1)

24 (8.0)

29 (8.2)

21 (19.4)

11 (4.3)

5 (6.3)

3 (10.3)

0 (0.0)

Relationship status

        

Single

267 (26.6)

102 (34.0)

81 (22.9)

33 (30.6)

100 (39.4)

43 (53.8)

19 (65.5)

6 (85.7)

In a relationship

737 (73.4)

198 (66.0)

272 (77.1)

75 (69.4)

154 (60.6)

37 (46.3)

10 (34.5)

1 (14.3)

Residential environment

        

Urban metropolisa

674 (67.3)

184 (61.3)

178 (50.6)

67 (62.0)

153 (60.5)

58 (72.5)

18 (62.1)

6 (85.7)

Medium-sized townb

131 (13.1)

46 (15.3)

73 (20.7)

12 (11.1)

34 (13.4)

7 (8.8)

6 (20.7)

0 (0.0)

Small townc

107 (10.7)

40 (13.3)

44 (12.5)

23 (21.3)

31 (12.3)

10 (12.5)

3(10.3)

0 (0.0)

Rural communityd

90 (9.0)

30 (10.0)

57 (16.2)

6 (5.6)

35 (13.8)

5 (6.3)

2 (6.9)

1 (14.3)

Employment status

        

Self-employed

53 (5.3)

11 (3.7)

23 (6.5)

6 (5.6)

14 (5.5)

4 (5.0)

5 (17.2)

0 (0.0)

Employed

464 (46.3)

135 (45.2)

244 (69.3)

80 (74.8)

135 (53.1)

49 (61.3)

8 (27.6)

3 (42.9)

Student

425 (42.4)

136 (45.5)

59 (16.8)

18 (16.8)

82 (32.3)

23 (28.7)

14 (48.3)

4 (57.1)

Not employed

60 (6.0)

17 (5.7)

26 (7.4)

3 (2.8)

23 (9.1)

4 (5.0)

2 (6.9)

0 (0.0)

COVID-19 status

        

Infected, symptomatic

0 (0.0)

2 (0.7)

0 (0.0)

1 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Infected, asymptomic

2 (0.2)

0 (0.0)

1 (0.3)

1 (1.0)

0 (0.0)

1 (1.3)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

Previously infected

7 (0.7)

2 (0.7)

2 (0.6)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

1 (1.3)

0 (0.0)

1 (16.7)

Not infected/not tested

983 (99.1)

294 (98.7)

337 (99.1)

101 (98.1)

250 (100)

74 (97.4)

29 (100)

5 (83.3)

Depressive symptoms

        

PHQ-4e total raw score

3.39 [2.59]

3.53 [2.65]

3.57 [2.60]

3.24 [2.76]

4.64 [2.74]

5.34 [2.93]

5.28 [2.92]

2.5 [2.07]

Clinical relevant depression f

        

No

685 (79.6)

209 (80.4)

255 (81.7)

71 (80.1)

156 (65.5)

27 (38.1)

18 (62.1)

4 (100)

Yes

176 (20.4)

51 (19.6)

57 (18.3)

17 (19.9)

82 (34.5)

44 (71.2)

11 (37.9)

0 (0.0)

Parenthood

        

No

823 (87.6)

223 (82.0)

250 (77.2)

87 (87.0)

202 (84.2)

44 (62.0)

24 (85.7)

5 (100)

Yes

117 (12.4)

49 (18.0)

74 (22.8)

13 (13.0)

38 (15.8)

27 (38.0)

4 (14.3)

0 (0.0)

Desire for parenthood

        

No

100 (10.7)

35 (12.9)

90 (27.8)

27 (27.0)

48 (20.0)

5 (7.0)

7 (25.0)

1 (20.0)

Yes

837 (89.3)

235 (87.1)

234 (72.2)

73 (73.0)

192 (80.0)

66 (93.0)

21 (75.0)

4 (80.0)

Desire for parenthood since the COVID-19 g pandemic

        

Increased

93 (10.0)

29 (10.7)

20 (6.2)

17 (17.5)

19 (8.0)

9 (12.7)

1 (3.7)

4 (80.0)

Decreased

100 (10.7)

12 (4.4)

26 (8.1)

7 (7.2)

12 (5.1)

4 (5.6)

2 (7.4)

0 (0.0)

Did not change

740 (79.3)

230 (84.9)

275 (85.7)

73 (75.3)

206 (86.9)

58 (81.7)

24 (88.9)

1 (20.0)

  1. Notes: a. 100.000 or more inhabitants; b. 20.000 to 100.000 inhabitants; c. 5.000 to 20.000 inhabitants; d. up to 5.000 inhabitants; e. f. Patient Health Questionnaire 4 items (PHQ-4); f. A total raw score PHQ-4 ≥ 6 indicates moderate to severe depressive symptoms; g. Item “Desire for parenthood since the COVID-19”: Participants were asked if the desire for parenthood has (1) increased, (2) decreased or (3) not changed.